工业微生物是微生物与生化药物的重要来源，这些药物包括抗生素、氨基酸、酶和酶抑制剂等，它们对人类的健康至关重要。此外，一些微生物产生的酶已被广泛应用于一些手性药物和激素药物的工业生产。这些微生物产物的高产、生产成本的降低和产品质量的提高等主要取决于微生物菌种的不断改良。所以，采用传统的突变和筛选技术或现代基因工程技术对微生物菌种进行不断地改良是从事微生物菌种选育的研究人员的首要任务。本课程的教学内容将围绕微生物菌种选育这个主题进行，主要分成：1.传统诱变育种技术，包括微生物菌种突变的基本理论、诱变剂的分类和对微生物菌种的进行诱变的方法、高产菌株半理性化筛选的理论和技术、原生质体制备、再生和融合的理论和技术等。2.现代基因工程技术在微生物菌种选育中的应用，主要以大多数抗生素的产生菌链霉菌为例，介绍链霉菌基因工程研究的载体和宿主系统、有关的基因克隆方法和技术、抗生素生物合成基因的克隆策略和调控、在工业生产菌种改良中的应用举例和分析、组合生物合成的理论和实践；丝状真菌基因工程研究的进展；微生物酶的人工进化技术（例如：DNA shuffling，Staggered Extension Process）的理论和应用等。3.应用internet查找微生物生物技术有关的参考文献、DNA和氨基酸序列信息和资料；4.与现代生物技术的研究有关的一些计算机应用软件的介绍。要求研究生通过本课程的学习了解工业微生物菌种选育的国内外新进展和新技术，掌握微生物菌种选育的基本原理和技术，学习并掌握通过internet查找生物技术有关文献资料的方法和技巧以及生物技术应用软件的应用，能撰写有一定水平的有关微生物菌种选育的综述文章，以便能在导师的指导下独立设计并承担微生物菌种选育的研究工作。

Industrial microorganism is a significant source of microbial and biochemical drugs including antibiotics, amino acids, enzymes and its inhibitors. They are very important to human health. Besides, some enzymes produced by microorganisms have been applied in the industrial production of chiral and hormone drugs. High production, cost reduction and quality improvement of these drugs will most depend on the improvement of microbial strains. Traditional breeding method so called “mutation and selection” and modern gene cloning technology have played an important role in the improvement of microbial strains. Therefore, the first and life-long task for every scientist who has been working on biopharmaceutins of microbial origin is to do breeding of microbial strains. The major contents for this subject will deal with the improvement of microbial strains. They are as follows: 1. traditional microbial breeding including the basic principle of mutation, classification of mutagens and methods for mutagensis, principle and technology for semi-rational screening and for preparation, regeneration and fusion of protoplasts; 2. the application of the modern technology of gene cloning in microbial breeding including gene cloning in Streptomyces and filamentous Fungi, strategies for the cloning of antibiotic biosynthesis genes and their regulation, theory and practice of combinatorial biosynthesis, basic principle and application for DNA shuffling and so on; 3. how to find the useful information about DNA and amino acid sequences and litaratures; 4. introduction of some software used in research work on biotechnology.