摘要/Abstract

分子内三中心氢键被视为是一种高效且可靠地控制分子构象的手段, 可以诱导线性分子形成特定构象(折叠、螺旋、扩展及“之”字形等). 根据氢键结合原子的种类, 系统地综述了基于O…H…O型、S…H…X (X=N, O)型、N…H…X (X=N, O)型、F…H…X (X=F, O, N)型分子内三中心氢键的超分子组装体系的研究进展, 重点介绍了大环化合物、折叠体与含孔螺旋化合物、分子拉链等超分子组装体的合成以及它们在促进有机反应、分子识别、跨膜通道、分子机器、软物质材料等领域的应用. 希望为此类超分子组装体的合成及应用提供有益参考.
关键词: 分子内三中心氢键, 超分子自组装, 结构设计, 构象控制, 应用
The intramolecular three-center hydrogen bond is regarded as an efficient and reliable means to control molecular conformation, which can induce linear molecules to form specific conformations (folding, helix, expansion, zigzag, etc.). In this paper, the research progress on supramolecular assemblies based on different types of intramolecular three-center hydrogen bond is summarized in detail according to the kinds of hydrogen bonding atoms, such as O…H…O, S…H…X (X=N, O), N…H…X (X=N, O), F…H…X (X=F, O, N), and so on. More specifically, the synthesis of supramolecular assemblies is elaborated, including macrocyclic compounds, foldamers, porous helical compounds and molecular duplexes. Furthermore, their applications in promoting organic reactions, molecular recognition, transmembrane channels, molecular machines, soft materials are introduced. It is anticipated that this review can provide a useful reference for the synthesis and applications of the three-center hydrogel bond-based supramolecular assemblies.
Key words: intramolecular three-center hydrogen bond, supramolecular self-assembly, structure design, conformation control, application


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