视觉轮廓整合的神经机制
李雅^1,*, 王勇慧¹, 李晟^2,3,4,5
1陕西师范大学心理学院，西安 710062；²北京大学心理与认知科学学院，北京 100871；³北京大学麦戈文脑科学研究所，北京 100871；⁴北京大学行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室，北京 100871；⁵北京大学机器感知与智能教育部重点实验室，北京 100871
摘要
视觉轮廓整合是指视觉系统将视野中的离散元素组合为整体轮廓线的加工过程，是连接初级感觉加工和高级视觉物体知觉间的关键桥梁。对视觉轮廓整合神经机制的研究不仅能促进我们对人类知觉整合的理解，也有助于启发计算科学领域图形整合和分隔算法的改进。然而，轮廓整合的神经机制尚无最终定论。当前的争议主要集中在轮廓整合是基于初级视皮层固有水平连接的产物，还是基于脑区内水平连接及脑区间反馈连接共同作用的产物。本文在回顾这两种理论框架及其研究证据的基础上，对未来的研究问题和方向进行了展望。
关键词： 知觉整合; 反馈连接; 环路循环加工; 初级视皮层(V1); 经颅磁刺激
分类号：B842

The neural mechanism of visual contour integration
LI Ya^1,*, WANG Yong-Hui¹, LI Sheng^2,3,4,5
1School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China；²School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing 100871, China；³PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 100871, China；⁴Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Beijing 100871, China；⁵Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Abstract
The human visual system efficiently extracts local elements from cluttered backgrounds and integrates these elements into meaningful contour perception. This process is a critical step before object recognition, in which contours often play an important role in defining the shapes and borders of the to-be-recognized objects. However, the neural mechanism of the contour integration is still under debate. The investigation of the neural mechanism underlying contour integration could deepen our understanding of perceptual grouping in the human visual system and advance the development of the algorithms for image grouping and segmentation in computer vision. Here, we review two theoretical frameworks that were proposed over the past decades. The first framework is based on hardwired horizontal connection in primary visual cortex, while the second one emphasizes the role of recurrent connections within intra- and inter-areas. At the end of review, we also raise the unsolved issues that need to be addressed in future studies.


Key words: perceptual grouping; feedback connection; recurrent processing; primary visual cortex (V1); transcranial magnetic stimulation

收稿日期：2018-05-31　　录用日期：2018-08-29
通讯作者：李雅　　E-mail: yali@snnu.edu.cn
DOI: 10.13294/j.aps.2019.0003
引用本文：
李雅, 王勇慧, 李晟. 视觉轮廓整合的神经机制[J]. 生理学报 2019; 71 (1): 45-52.
LI Ya, WANG Yong-Hui, LI Sheng. The neural mechanism of visual contour integration. Acta Physiol Sin 2019; 71 (1): 45-52 (in Chinese with English abstract).



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