铜稳态失衡相关疾病及铜死亡的研究进展
张萌1,2, 石萌1, 刘宝琴11. 中国医科大学生命科学学院生物化学与分子生物学教研室, 沈阳 110122;
2. 天津市肿瘤医院空港医院检验科, 国家恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心, 天津 300308
收稿日期:2022-06-09出版日期:2023-12-30发布日期:2023-12-12通讯作者:刘宝琴E-mail:baoqinliu@cmu.edu.cn作者简介:张萌(1998-),女,硕士研究生基金资助:国家自然科学基金（81872257）关键词: 铜转运, 铜稳态失衡, 铜死亡
Abstract: Copper, a trace element, plays a crucial physiological role in the human body and is involved in many important reactions. In multicellular organisms, copper metabolism encompasses absorption, distribution, sequestration, and excretion. Influx of extracellular copper ions is primarily mediated by the high-affinity copper transporter protein 1. Copper utilization pathways include the Atox1-ATP7A/B-Cp pathway, the COX17-Sco1/2-CCO pathway, and the CCS-SOD1 pathway, with copper ions being released into bile by ATP7B for excretion. The copper transport system plays a critical role in maintaining copper homeostasis within the body, ensuring normal tissue function. Both copper deficiency and excess can be harmful, and an imbalance in copper homeostasis may lead to various diseases and is associated with the development of tumors. Recent research has introduced the concept of copper-dependent cell death, a novel mechanism of cell death distinct from other known forms. This article provides an overview of the copper transport system, diseases related to copper homeostasis imbalance, and copper-dependent cell death, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of copper-related diseases.
Key words: copper transfer, copper homeostasis imbalance, cuprotosis
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