摘要： 目的 研究Ⅰ型骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）受体活化素A受体1（ACVR1）调节小鼠成牙本质细胞极性及促进牙本质形成的作用机制。方法 通过Cre-loxP系统，以Osterix为启动子激活Cre重组酶，敲除小鼠牙源性间充质细胞的Acvr1基因。于小鼠出生后21 d收集标本，观察成牙本质细胞形态、排列及牙本质的形态；免疫荧光染色检测小鼠极性相关标记物及高尔基体的定位；天狼星红染色评价牙本质的胶原形成。结果 Acvr1基因敲除后，矿化牙本质和前期牙本质之间以及前期牙本质和成牙本质细胞层之间的分界线曲折不平，牙尖处有骨样牙本质形成；成牙本质细胞高柱状形态丧失，细胞间紧密连接和顶端极性相关蛋白定位异常，高尔基体与细胞核的相对位置改变，牙本质胶原排列不规则，胶原成熟度降低。结论 小鼠牙源性间充质中的ACVR1通过促进成牙本质细胞的极性，进而促进牙本质的形成。

ACVR1对成牙本质细胞极性及牙本质形成的作用

王爽爽¹, 史册², 刘苍维³, 胡月², 周怡君¹, 闫广兴⁴, 孙宏晨¹

1. 中国医科大学口腔医学院·附属口腔医院口腔病理科, 辽宁省口腔疾病重点实验室, 沈阳 110002;
2. 吉林大学口腔医院病理科, 长春 130021;
3. 中国医科大学口腔医学院·附属口腔医院口腔修复科, 辽宁省口腔疾病重点实验室, 沈阳 110002;
4. 吉林大学口腔医院修复科, 长春 130021

收稿日期:2021-01-26出版日期:2022-03-30发布日期:2022-03-16
通讯作者:孙宏晨E-mail:hcsun@jlu.edu.cn
作者简介:王爽爽(1993-),女,硕士研究生.
基金资助:国家自然科学基金（81920108012，81870741，81970903）；中国博士后科学基金（2017M621219；2018T110258）；吉林省卫生健康青年科技骨干培养计划（2019Q013）；吉林省财政厅科技项目（JCSZ2019378-6）；吉林省科技发展计划（20200201527JC）


关键词: 活化素A受体1, 成牙本质细胞, 细胞极性, 牙本质形成
Abstract: Objective To investigate the mechanism by which bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) receptor activin A receptor type 1 (ACVR1) regulates odontoblast polarity and promotes dentin formation in mice. Methods The Acvr1 gene was knocked out in mouse dental mesenchymal cells using the Cre-loxP system, by activating Cre recombinase under control of the Osterix promoter. Mandibular incisors were collected at postnatal day 21, and odontoblasts and dentin morphologies were observed by histology. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect localization of polarity related markers and Golgi apparatus in odontoblasts. Dentin collagen formation was assessed by sirius red staining. Results Upon Acvr1 knockout, the boundary between mineralized dentin and predentin, and the boundary between predentin and the odontoblast layer displayed a zigzag pattern. Osteodentin was formed at the cusp, and the high columnar morphology of odontoblasts was lost, with abnormal localizations of markers for intercellular tight junctions and apical polarity associated protein. The position of the Golgi apparatus relative to the nucleus was also changed. The arrangement of collagen in dentin was irregular, and collagen maturity was decreased. Conclusion ACVR1 in dental mesenchyme promotes dentin formation by promoting odontoblast polarization in mice.
Key words: activin A receptor type 1, odontoblast, cell polarity, dentin formation
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