摘要： 肠道菌群在生命健康以及疾病发生发展过程中起着举足轻重的作用，能够调节新陈代谢，并参与炎症和免疫的关键阶段。最近的研究已经表明肠道菌群在癌症的发生以及小鼠模型和患者的抗癌免疫反应中发挥重要作用。肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球第三位癌症死亡原因，大多数HCC发生在有慢性肝病的患者中，主要由病毒性肝炎、非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）和酒精性肝病发展而来。本文回顾分析肠道菌群在HCC中的作用，探讨菌群失调、肠泄露及菌群代谢物通过肠-肝轴促进HCC发展的机制，并对近年来肠道菌群作为HCC的潜在诊断工具，以及在免疫治疗背景下肠道菌群作为新治疗靶点的进展做一综述。

肠道菌群在肝细胞癌中的作用机制及治疗研究进展

孙湛博¹, 刘丽贤², 卢再鸣¹

1. 中国医科大学附属盛京医院放射科;
2. 中国医科大学附属盛京医院急诊科, 沈阳 110004

收稿日期:2021-06-17出版日期:2022-02-28发布日期:2022-01-05
通讯作者:卢再鸣E-mail:luzm@sj-hospital.org
作者简介:孙湛博(1990-),男,医师,硕士.
基金资助:国家自然科学基金（81771947）


关键词: 肠道菌群, 肝细胞癌, 免疫治疗
Abstract: The intestinal flora play an important role in life and health as well as the development of disease, as it regulates metabolism and participates in the key stages of inflammation and immunity. Recent studies have shown that the intestinal flora contribute to the occurrence of cancer as well as the anti-cancer immune response in mouse models and patients. Most cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide, occur in patients with chronic liver disease. HCC mainly develops from viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and alcoholic liver disease. Here we review the role of the intestinal flora in HCC and discuss the mechanisms by which dysbiosis, the leaky gut, and bacterial metabolites promote HCC development through the enteric-hepatic axis. We also review the recent progress of the intestinal flora as a potential diagnostic tool and, under the background of immunotherapy, as a new therapeutic target for HCC.
Key words: intestinal microbiota, hepatocellular carcinoma, immunotherapy
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