摘要： 目的 探讨辽宁省城市膀胱癌患者10年生存率及其影响因素。方法 采用主动结合被动随访的方式从辽宁省2000年肿瘤登记系统中抽取沈阳、鞍山和本溪3个市398例膀胱癌患者进行回顾性调查，计算观察生存率（OSR）、中位生存期（T₅₀）、期望生存率（ESR）和相对生存率（RSR），并采用Cox回归模型分析患者的生存影响因素。结果 辽宁省女性患者的10年RSR低于男性患者，≥ 65岁患者的10年OSR、RSR和T₅₀低于<65岁患者，Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者的10年OSR、RSR和T₅₀低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者，Ⅳ期患者的10年OSR和T₅₀低于Ⅲ期患者，非手术治疗患者的10年OSR、RSR和T₅₀低于手术治疗患者（均P<0.05）。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示，年龄每增加1岁，患者的相对死亡风险增加0.053倍；Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期患者的相对死亡风险分别为Ⅰ期患者的3.638和4.075倍；非手术治疗患者的相对死亡风险为手术治疗患者的2.384倍。结论 辽宁省城市膀胱癌患者10年生存率低于同期发达国家，提高早诊早治率可有效提高其长期生存率。

辽宁省城市膀胱癌患者10年生存率及其影响因素分析

郭薇¹, 李爽¹, 李恂², 张微微³, 李海娜⁴, 潘国伟⁵, 穆慧娟¹

1. 辽宁省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所, 沈阳 110005;
2. 沈阳市疾病预防控制中心慢病科, 沈阳 110031;
3. 鞍山市疾病预防控制中心慢病科, 辽宁 鞍山 114000;
4. 本溪市疾病预防控制中心慢病科, 辽宁 本溪 117000;
5. 中国医科大学公共卫生学院全民健康研究中心, 沈阳 110122

收稿日期:2021-04-27出版日期:2022-01-30发布日期:2021-12-30
通讯作者:穆慧娟E-mail:lncdcmhj@163.com
作者简介:郭薇(1981-),女,主任医师,硕士.
基金资助:辽宁省自然科学基金（20180550495）；辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目（XLYC1802131）


关键词: 膀胱癌患者, 10年生存率, 影响因素, 城市
Abstract: Objective To analyze the 10-year survival rate and its influencing factors of urban patients with bladder cancer in Liaoning Province. Methods A retrospective survey of 398 cases of bladder cancer in Shenyang, Anshan, and Benxi was conducted through active and passive follow-up. The overall survival rate (OSR), median survival time (T₅₀), expected survival rate, and relative survival rate (RSR) were calculated, and a Cox regression model was used to analyze factors influencing patient survival. Results The 10-year RSR of women in Liaoning Province was lower than that of men, and the 10-year OSR, RSR, and T₅₀ of patients aged ≥ 65 years were lower than those of patients aged < 65 years (P<0.05 in all cases). The 10-year OSR, RSR, and T₅₀ of patients with stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ were lower than those of patients with stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ; the 10-year OSR and T₅₀ of patients with stage Ⅳ were lower than those of patients with stage Ⅲ; and the 10-year OSR, RSR, and T₅₀ in cases of non-operative treatment were lower than those in cases of operative treatment (P<0.05 in all cases). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the relative risk of death increased 0.053 times with a 1-year increase in age, 3.638 times with stage Ⅲ and 4.075 times with stage Ⅳ, and 2.384 times in cases of non-operative treatment. Conclusion The 10-year survival rate of patients with bladder cancer in Liaoning Province is lower than that of patients in developed countries. Ensuring early diagnosis and treatment can effectively improve the long-term survival rate.
Key words: bladder cancer patients, 10-year survival rate, influencing factors, city
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