摘要： 目的 基于护士视角探讨终末期癌症患者死亡质量的影响因素。方法 采用问卷调查法，于2020年7月至2020年12月对中国医科大学附属盛京医院的236名护士进行问卷调查。问卷调查包括2部分：（1）一般资料调查问卷，包括护士的一般信息（工作年限、年龄、性别、民族、婚姻状况、学历、职称、职务、宗教信仰等）、离世患者一般信息（癌症类型、性别、年龄、住院时间、民族、宗教信仰、职业、主要照顾者、是否患有其他慢性疾病等）。（2）濒死及死亡质量问卷，问卷的总分来表示患者的死亡质量。结果 终末期癌症患者死亡质量得分为（52.71±17.51）分，中位数得分为54.91分，处于中低水平，其影响因素为责任护士的职务、以往接受安宁疗护的教育情况及患者的性别。结论 终末期癌症患者总体死亡质量处于中低水平，需加强护士安宁疗护的知识和技能的系统培训，也要考虑到患者本身的文化特征，进而采取有效措施提高患者死亡质量，走好人生的最后历程。

终末期癌症患者死亡质量的影响因素

刘先锋¹, 王丹², 李小寒¹

中国医科大学1. 护理学院基础护理学教研室, 沈阳 110122;
2. 附属盛京医院宁养病房, 沈阳 110004

收稿日期:2021-01-13出版日期:2021-12-30发布日期:2021-12-09
通讯作者:李小寒E-mail:xhli@cmu.edu.cn
作者简介:刘先锋(1996-),女,护士,硕士研究生.
基金资助:辽宁省教育厅服务地方项目（LFWR201701）


关键词: 终末期癌症患者, 死亡质量, 护士, 安宁疗护
Abstract: Objective To explore the quality of death of terminal cancer patients from nurses’ perspective and to identify influencing factors. Methods A questionnaire was used to survey 236 nurses in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from July 2020 to December 2020. The questionnaire included two parts： （1） a basic information questionnaire，including nurses’ basic information （length of work，age，sex，nationality，marital status，education，professional title，position，religion，and other details ） and deceased patients’ basic information （cancer types，sex，age，hospitalization time，nationality，religion，occupation，main caregivers，the presence or absence of other chronic diseases，and other details） and （2） a quality of death questionnaire，the total score of which was used to indicate the quality of death of patients. Results The quality of death score for terminal cancer patients was 52.71±17.51，with a median score of 54.91，which was a low to moderate level. The influencing factors of the quality of death were the position of the nurses，hospice education，and the sex of the patients. Conclusion The overall quality of death of patients with terminal cancer was at a low to medium level. There is still a need to strengthen the systematic training of nurses in terms of hospice knowledge and skills，to take into account the cultural characteristics of the patients themselves，and to take effective measures to improve the quality of death and enable these patients to comfortably make the final journey of their lives.
Key words: terminal cancer patients, the quality of death, nurse, hospice care
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