摘要:粮饲兼用作物种植模式对内蒙古河套地区的农业、畜牧业可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究以粮饲兼用的2个高粱品种（‘F438’和‘2562’）和2个谷子品种（‘张杂19号’和‘张杂13号’）为试验材料，在内蒙古河套灌区五原县进行大田试验，研究2种作物拔节期的农艺性状对不同土壤盐碱水平的响应特征，并探讨作物不同农艺性状与土壤电导率（EC）的相关性。结果表明：以播种前样地的土壤EC为对照，至拔节期2个谷子品种土壤EC低于高粱品种；随土壤EC升高，谷子‘张杂13号’和‘张杂19号’的可见叶片数量、高粱‘F438’和‘2562’的叶片数均显著减少，表明高土壤含盐量显著抑制了2种作物的生长；高盐碱土壤显著限制了2种作物的株高和茎粗，谷子比高粱对土壤盐碱度的耐受能力更高；2种作物的叶面积对土壤盐碱水平都较敏感，低盐碱水平条件下叶面积已显著降低；随土壤盐碱程度增加，2种作物叶片叶绿素含量均呈下降趋势，2个高粱品种叶绿素含量受土壤盐碱梯度干扰相对较小。相关性分析结果表明，拔节期2种作物的茎粗、株高、叶面积和可见叶片数与土壤EC呈显著负相关。比较4个作物品种，谷子品种‘张杂19号’对土壤盐碱度的耐受能力较高，具有更强的盐碱地种植适应潜力。本研究结果对探明粮饲兼用作物在盐碱地种植模式的适应机制提供了科学依据，对内蒙古河套地区传统农业种植模式优化和畜牧业可持续发展具有重要意义。
关键词:盐碱地/
土壤电导率(EC)/
粮饲兼用/
高粱/
谷子/
农艺性状
Abstract:The planting of grain-forage crops is important for the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia. In this study, two sorghum varieties ('F438' and '2562') and two millet varieties ('Zhangza 19' and 'Zhangza 13') were used as experimental materials to study the agronomic traits at the jointing stage in response to different soil salinity gradients in Wuyuan County, in Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia. Gradient analysis and correlation analysis were used to examine the relationships between the agronomic characteristics and soil electrical conductivity (EC). The results showed that the EC of soil planted millet was lower than that of soil planted sorghum at the jointing stage. With increased soil EC, the number of visible leaves of millet varieties and sorghum varieties decreased significantly, indicating that soil EC inhibited the both crops growth. A high level of soil EC significantly also inhibited the plant height and stem diameter of both crops. Furthermore, with increased soil EC, the chlorophyll content of the leaves of both crops decreased, but the chlorophyll content of sorghum was less affected by soil EC than that of millets. Correlation analysis showed that the stem diameter, plant height, leaf area, and leaves number of both crops were significantly negatively correlated with soil EC at the elongation stage. The millet variety 'Zhangza 19' had a higher tolerance to soil salinity and stronger potential adaptability for planting in saline-alkali land. This study provides a scientific basis for exploring the adaptive mechanisms of dual-purpose crops planted in saline-alkali land. This study also provides important theoretical guidance for the optimization of traditional agricultural planting patterns and the sustainable development of animal husbandry in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia.
Key words:Saline-alkali land/
Soil electrical conductivity/
Dual-purpose crops/
Sorghum/
Millet/
Agronomic traits
*Equivalent contributors
注释:
1) ?同等贡献者
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