摘要:随着我国藜麦产业不断发展和利用边际性土地种植规模的扩大，藜麦种子萌发阶段对干旱和盐胁迫的响应研究越来越受到重视。本文采用室内PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫和NaCl模拟盐胁迫，通过测定发芽率、发芽势、长度和鲜重等8个指标，对5个藜麦品种（系）（‘南非2号’‘陇藜1号’‘陇藜4号’、HTH-y605、HTH-01）种子萌发期对干旱和盐胁迫的响应进行综合评价研究，并利用主成分分析方法评价藜麦的抗旱性和耐盐性，指出抗旱性和耐盐性的主要评价指标。结果表明：在藜麦萌发阶段抗旱性综合评价中，主成分分析将8个指标归类为2个成分因子，各成分分别以相对长度和相对发芽率载荷量最大，可作为藜麦萌发期抗旱性主要鉴定指标。抗旱性强弱顺序为：‘南非2号’ > HTH-01 > ‘陇藜4号’ > ‘陇藜1号’ > HTH-y605。在其耐盐性综合评价中，通过主成分分析将8个指标归类为3个成分因子，相对长度、相对发芽率和相对发芽指数分别为各成分因子上最大的载荷，可以作为藜麦萌发期耐盐性的主要鉴定指标，耐盐性强弱顺序为：HTH-01 > HTH-y605 > ‘陇藜4号’ > ‘陇藜1号’ > ‘南非2号’。相关性分析结果显示，不同藜麦品种萌发阶段抗旱性与耐盐性之间无明显相关性。研究发现藜麦不同品种在抗旱性和耐盐性具有遗传多样性，其机制有待进一步研究。研究结论对藜麦抗逆机理研究和品种选育有一定的参考价值，为当前中低产田开发利用提供了理论和数据支持。
关键词:藜麦/
萌发阶段/
干旱胁迫/
盐胁迫/
抗旱性/
抗盐性
Abstract:With the development of quinoa industry, the responses of quinoa seeds to drought and salt stress at the germination stage have been gaining attention. In this paper, the drought resistance and salt tolerance of five quinoa cultivars (lines) (including 'South Africa No. 2' 'Longli No. 1' 'Longli No. 4', HTH-y605 and HTH-01) during germination were studied using indoor PEG-6000 simulated drought stress and NaCl simulated salt stress treatments. Germination rate and potential, seedlings length and fresh weight were determined. Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the drought resistance and salt resistance of quinoa, and the main evaluation indices for drought resistance and salt tolerance were identified. Results showed that different stresses had little effect on germination rate, germination potential, and germination index, but that they significantly inhibited seedling vigor index. The eight measured indices were classified into two component factors by principal component analysis, and the largest components related to seedling relative length and relative germination rate load, which could be used as main identification indices for quinoa drought resistance during the germination stage. The order of drought resistance of the tested cultivars (lines) was as follows: 'South Africa No. 2' > HTH-01 > 'Longli No. 4' > 'Longli No. 1' > HTH-y605. In terms of salt resistance, principal component analysis separated the eight indicators into three composition factors relating to the seedling relative length, relative germination rate, and relative germination index, respectively. The largest component factors can be used to identify quinoa cultivars (lines) with high salt resistance during germination. The order of salt resistance of the tested cultivars (lines) was as follows: HTH-01 > HTH-y605 > 'Longli No. 4' > 'Longli No. 1' > 'South Africa No. 2'. The drought resistance and salt tolerances of quinoa cultivars (lines) were sorted by the score function of the comprehensive factor of principal component analysis, and the results showed that 'Longli No. 4' had the strongest drought resistance, but the worst salt resistance. HTH-y605 had the strongest drought resistance as well as the strongest salt resistance. Correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between drought resistance and salt tolerances of different quinoa cultivars (lines) at the germination stage. It was found that different quinoa cultivars (lines) were genetically diverse in terms of drought resistance and salt tolerance. The conclusion of this study provides a reference for research on the stress mechanisms of quinoa and for selective breeding of varieties, and provides theoretical and data to support the development of current low and medium yield fields.
Key words:Quinoa/
Germination stage/
Drought stress/
Salt stress/
Drought resistance/
Salt resistance
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