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辽河流域土壤中微(中)塑料的丰度、特征及潜在来源

本站小编 Free考研考试/2021-12-31

中文关键词微(中)塑料辽河流域土壤污染特征潜在来源 英文关键词micro(meso)plasticLiaohe River basinsoilpollution characteristicspotential sources
作者单位E-mail
韩丽花北京市农林科学院, 北京农业质量标准与检测技术研究中心, 北京 100097
农产品产地环境监测北京市重点实验室, 北京 100097
中北大学理学院, 太原 030051
lihuaHanzbdx@163.com
徐笠北京市农林科学院, 北京农业质量标准与检测技术研究中心, 北京 100097
农产品产地环境监测北京市重点实验室, 北京 100097
xuliforever@163.com
李巧玲中北大学理学院, 太原 030051
陆安祥北京市农林科学院, 北京农业质量标准与检测技术研究中心, 北京 100097
农产品产地环境监测北京市重点实验室, 北京 100097
殷敬伟北京市农林科学院, 北京农业质量标准与检测技术研究中心, 北京 100097
农产品产地环境监测北京市重点实验室, 北京 100097
田佳宇北京市农林科学院, 北京农业质量标准与检测技术研究中心, 北京 100097
农产品产地环境监测北京市重点实验室, 北京 100097
中文摘要 以辽河流域为研究对象,基于密度浮选原理,结合体视显微镜及显微红外光谱(μ-FTIR),对辽河流域土壤中微(中)塑料的形貌、丰度及分布特征进行了系统地研究,并合理推测了影响微(中)塑料分布的主要因素及潜在来源.结果表明,土壤微(中)塑料平均丰度为(145.83±211.46) n·kg-1.微(中)塑料以碎片(46.00%)、<1000 μm (39.57%)、聚丙烯(PP)(41.71%)和白色(46.86%)为主.其中,聚乙烯(PE)主要形状是薄膜和碎片(96.91%),PP主要形状是碎片(85.62%),聚苯乙烯(PS)主要形状是泡沫,人造丝(Rayon)、聚酯纤维(PES)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)微(中)塑料以纤维状为主(>85%).工业活动(快递公司、塑料厂、服装厂)、农业活动(地膜覆盖、污水灌溉、污泥堆肥)、人口密度和污水处理厂等都可能会导致土壤中微(中)塑料丰度的较高水平.污水排放及其灌溉、塑料制品(农药瓶、化肥包装袋、塑料农膜、编织袋等)和用于装饰、包装、运输的泡沫材料等是辽河流域土壤中微(中)塑料的潜在来源. 英文摘要 With the Liaohe River basin as the research object, the morphology, abundance, and distribution characteristics of micro(meso) plastics of soil in Liaohe River basin were studied based on the density flotation principle and the technique of stereo microscope and micro-FTIR and the significant factors affecting the distribution of the micro(meso)plastics and their potential sources were reasonably speculated. The results indicated that the average abundance of the soil micro(meso)plastic is (145.83±211.46) n·kg-1. The most abundant types of micro(meso)plastics are debris (46.00%), <1000 μm (39.57%), PP (41.71%), and white (46.86%). Among them, Rayon, PES, and PET micro(meso)plastics are primarily in the shape of fibrous (>85%), PE is mostly in the shape of film and fragments (96.91%), PP is mainly in the shape of fragments (85.62%), and PS is primarily in the shape of foam. Industrial activities (express delivery companies, plastic factories, and clothing factories), agricultural activities (plastic mulch, sewage irrigation, and sludge composting), population density, and sewage treatment plants, etc, may lead to higher levels of micro(meso)plastic abundance in the soil of the study area. Plastic products (pesticide bottles, chemical fertilizer packaging bags, woven bags, and plastic agricultural films), sewage discharge and irrigation, and foam materials used for packaging and decoration are the potential sources of soil micro(meso)plastic in the region.

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