中文关键词乌梁素海微塑料冰封期分布特征相关性分析 英文关键词Lake Wuliangsuhaimicroplasticsfrozen perioddistribution characteristicscorrelation analysis

作者	单位	E-mail
王志超	内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010	wzc5658@126.com
杨建林	内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
杨帆	内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
杨文焕	内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010
李卫平	内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院, 包头 014010	sjlwp@163.com
李兴	内蒙古师范大学内蒙古节水农业工程研究中心, 呼和浩特 010022

中文摘要 目前关于淡水湖泊冰盖中微塑料的分布特征研究还鲜见报道.为阐明乌梁素海冰盖中微塑料的赋存特征以及其与冰盖盐度、叶绿素a浓度之间的响应关系，通过野外采样、显微镜观察、傅里叶红外光谱测定和相关性分析等方法，对冰封期乌梁素海冰盖中微塑料的丰度、颜色、形状和种类进行鉴定，通过相关性分析探求微塑料在冰盖中的分布特征及其与盐度、叶绿素a之间的响应关系.结果表明，乌梁素海冰盖中微塑料平均丰度为56.75~141 n·L^-1，约为乌梁素海表层水体中微塑料丰度的10~100倍；纤维状为最常见的微塑料类型，其次是碎片状.乌梁素海冰盖中微塑料的丰度在水平方向上呈现出从上游到下游逐渐递减的趋势，在垂直方向上则与盐度呈显著正相关，表层冰和底层冰丰度大于中层冰和近底层冰；微塑料丰度与叶绿素a浓度则未发现相关性.此外，受冰盖对水体中微塑料颗粒捕获效应的影响，微塑料在冬季被临时储存于冰盖中，直到春季又被重新释放进入水体.本研究可为乌梁素海微塑料的污染治理提供参考和借鉴. 英文摘要 There are sparse reports on the distribution of microplastics in the ice sheets of freshwater lakes. In this study, the abundance, color, shape, and species of microplastics in the ice sheet of Lake Wuliangsuhai were characterized using field sampling and microscope observations. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and correlation analysis were used to examine the distribution of microplastics contained in the lake and its relationships with salinity and chlorophyll a. The results show that the average abundance of microplastics in the Lake Wuliangsuhai ice sheet is 56.75-141 n·L^-1, which is approximately 10-100 times higher than in the surface water of the Lake Wuliangsuhai. Fibers were the most common type of microplastics followed by fragments. Overall abundance showed a decreasing trend in the downstream horizontal direction and was positively correlated with salinity in the vertical direction. The abundance of microplastic in the surface ice and bottom ice was greater than in the middle of the ice and near bottom of the ice. There was no correlation between the abundance of microplastic and the concentration of chlorophyll a. In addition, due to the capturing effect of the ice, microplastic particles are temporarily stored in the ice sheet in winter, which are released into water in spring. This study provides baseline information to inform microplastic pollution control measures in Lake Wuliangsuhai.

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