中文关键词城市污水生物滤池厌氧产甲烷中试 英文关键词urban sewagerbiofilteranaerobicmethanepilot scale

作者	单位	E-mail
刘智斌	北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100122	liuzhibin@emails.bjut.edu.cn
刘秀红	北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100122	lxhfei@163.com
周桐	北京城市排水集团有限责任公司科技研发中心, 北京 100122
章世勇	北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100122
李健敏	北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100122
杨庆	北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100122

中文摘要 城市污水厌氧产甲烷是城市污水资源化利用途径之一，但低有机物浓度和低温条件影响和限制该工艺在城市污水处理方面的应用.为此，在中试反应器中对厌氧生物滤池处理实际城市污水的启动方式、不同温度条件下系统运行效果和菌群结构的变化进行了研究.结果表明，采用间歇运行和连续运行相结合的挂膜方式，可实现工艺的快速启动，出水SCOD浓度稳定在60mg ·L^-1.14℃以上厌氧生物滤池运行较稳定，水解酸化菌和产甲烷菌代谢趋于平衡，出水SCOD和TCOD浓度稳定在69mg ·L^-1和90mg ·L^-1.10℃低温条件下，水解菌群相对丰度下降，系统TCOD去除效果下降；而消化链球菌科（Peptostreptococcaceae）产酸菌相对丰度增加至32.79%，导致系统出水VFA浓度从2mg ·L^-1升高至12mg ·L^-1；产甲烷菌群数量略有降低，产甲烷能力变化较小，出水SCOD较为稳定.厌氧生物滤池生物膜菌群结构复杂，菌群丰富度和多样性随温度的降低而下降.同时，启动和温度降低过程中，产甲烷菌群结构发生变化，乙酸型产甲烷菌群丰度逐渐升高，成为产甲烷优势菌群.因此，城市污水厌氧生物滤池启动快，能够抵抗温度持续降低的影响，同时，运行9个月不需反冲洗，不存在易堵塞需频繁反冲洗的问题，可更充分地发挥生物滤池的生物接触氧化和过滤截留的作用. 英文摘要 Municipal wastewater methanogenesis is one of the ways to utilize municipal wastewater resources.In this study, a biofilter used to treat actual municipal wastewater was employed to investigate the methanogenesis in a pilot-scale reactor. The method of rapid start-up, the influence of temperature on the reactor performance, and the changes in the microbial structure were investigated in the pilot-scale study. The rapid start-up of the biofilter reactor was achieved by the combination of intermittent and continuous operations. The effluent concentration of SCOD was 60 mg ·L^-1at the stable operation stage. The biofilter was operated steadily at a temperature higher than 14℃, the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was low, and the effluent concentrations of SCOD and TCOD were 69 mg ·L^-1and 90 mg ·L^-1, respectively. In addition, the metabolism of hydrolysis and methanogenesis tended to balance off under such conditions. However, the abundance of microorganisms that can hydrolyze organic matter and produce methane decreased. The abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae increased even the temperature was lower than 10℃, which typically increases VFA production. Therefore, the concentrations of effluent VFA and TCOD increased, but methane production decreased. The effluent concentration of SCOD was relatively stable. The microbial abundance and diversity were the richest at 19℃ in the reactor. The acetolactic methanogens were the dominant methanogens at low temperatures. The anaerobic biological filter for the treatment of urban sewage starts quickly and can resist the impact of continuous temperature reduction. Moreover, it does not need backwashing after running for nine months, and it is not easily clogged.Therefore,the functions of biological contact oxidation and filtration retention of the biological filter can be more fully utilized.

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