中文关键词挥发性有机物(VOCs)工业排放源成分谱石油化工电子制造臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 英文关键词volatile organic compounds (VOCs)industrial emissionsource profilespetrochemicalelectronic manufacturingozone formation potential (OFP)

作者	单位	E-mail
周子航	成都市环境保护科学研究院, 成都市大气科研重点实验室, 成都 610072	gorezhou@cdaes.cn
邓也	成都市环境保护科学研究院, 成都市大气科研重点实验室, 成都 610072
周小玲	成都市环境保护科学研究院, 成都市大气科研重点实验室, 成都 610072
吴柯颖	成都市环境保护科学研究院, 成都市大气科研重点实验室, 成都 610072
谭钦文	成都市环境保护科学研究院, 成都市大气科研重点实验室, 成都 610072	tanqw@cdaes.cn
尹代娟	四川唐臣检测技术有限公司, 成都 610046
宋丹林	成都市环境保护科学研究院, 成都市大气科研重点实验室, 成都 610072
陈秋宇	成都市环境保护科学研究院, 成都市大气科研重点实验室, 成都 610072
曾文號	成都市环境保护科学研究院, 成都市大气科研重点实验室, 成都 610072

中文摘要 选取成都市汽车制造和石油化工等典型工业行业，通过瓶采样和SUMMA罐采样及GC-MS分析方法，研究了不同生产工艺环节的挥发性有机物（VOCs）排放特征.结果表明，汽车制造各工艺环节均有各自的优势组分，其中喷漆排放以烷烃（32%）和芳香烃（35%）为主.家具制造排放特征与使用原辅料高度相关，以芳香烃（50%）和OVOCs（38%）为主.石油化工各装置区VOCs浓度范围为49~1387 μg·m^-3，不同装置区存在较大差异，主要是由于炼油区主要产品为C₅~C₉的汽油和苯系物等，化工区则较多使用了溶剂同时生成烯烃类产品.电子制造均以OVOCs为主，占VOCs总排放的50%以上.制鞋行业排放VOCs主要由烷烃和OVOCs贡献，平均占比分别为52%和36%，与所用溶剂组分高度相关.汽车制造VOCs排放组分差异较大，主要以正十二烷和2-丁酮等为主.家具制造排放组分主要为苯乙烯、乙酸乙酯和间/对-二甲苯等，为涂料和稀释剂的典型组分.石油化工各装置区排放组分有差异，炼油区以苯乙烯等为主，化工区主要为1，3-丁二烯等，仓储区主要为C₃~C₅烷烃等，废水处理则主要为C₆~C₈烷烃等.电子制造主要组分均为乙醇和丙酮等醛酮组分.制鞋企业排放组分以C₅和C₆等烷烃为主.通过臭氧生成潜势计算比较，汽车制造和石油化工行业对臭氧生成潜势贡献较大的VOCs排放组分以烯烃和芳香烃为主，具有较高的污染源反应活性.研究表明各工业行业OVOCs排放比例（17%~96%）和对臭氧生成潜势贡献均较为显著，因此在进行VOCs排放控制时，除重点管控芳香烃和烯烃外，亦应提高对OVOCs组分的关注. 英文摘要 The volatile organic compound (VOC) emission characteristics of various production procedures were analyzed through GC-MS after the emissions of typical enterprises such as automobile manufacturing, petrochemical, and other industries had been sampled with SUMMA canisters. Each production procedure in the automobile manufacturing and petrochemical industries was considered. The results showed that each automobile manufacturing procedure had its own dominant species, and alkanes (32%) and aromatics (35%) were the main emission species of coating spraying. The emission characteristics of furniture manufacturing were highly correlated with the raw materials, and the VOC emission species were mainly composed of aromatics (50%) and oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) (38%). As for the petrochemical industry, VOC concentrations in various process plant areas ranged from 49 μg·m^-3 to 1387 μg·m^-3. As the main products of the refining area were C₅-C₉ gasoline and benzene series, whereas comparatively more solvents were used in the chemical area, which would generate alkene products, VOC concentrations greatly differed in the various process plant areas. In terms of electronic manufacturing, OVOCs were the main emission species, accounting for more than 50% of total VOCs. Alkanes and OVOCs were the main contributors to VOC emissions in shoemaking, accounting for 52% and 36% on average, respectively, which was strongly related to the species of the used solvents. The VOC emission species of automobile manufacturing were quite different, predominantly including n-dodecane and 2-butanone. The emission species of furniture manufacturing mainly included styrene, ethyl acetate, m/p-xylene, etc., which are typical species of coatings and diluents. As for the differences in the emission species of process plant areas in the petrochemical industry, styrene was the main species in the refining area, 1,3-butadiene in the chemical area, C₃-C₅ alkanes in the storage area, and C₆-C₈ alkanes in the wastewater treatment area. The main emission species of electronic manufacturing were ethanol, acetone, and other aldehyde ketone species. The emission species of shoemaking enterprises are mainly C₅ and C₆ alkanes. According to the results of ozone formation potential (OFP), alkenes and aromatics were the main VOC emission species that contribute significantly to the OFP in the automobile manufacturing and petrochemical industries, with relatively high pollution source reaction activity. The results showed that the emission ratio (17%-96%) and OFP contributions of OVOCs were significant in various industries. Therefore, for VOC emission control, in addition to focusing on the control of aromatics and alkenes, attention should also be paid to OVOCs.

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