中文关键词
黄河三角洲盐生植物根际与非根际土壤酶活性土壤理化性质 | 英文关键词Yellow River Deltahalophyterhizosphere and non-rhizospheresoil enzyme activitysoil physicochemical properties |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤酶是滨海湿地群落构建和演替的关键因子，但水盐胁迫条件下土壤酶活性的驱动机制尚不明确.以黄河三角洲盐地碱蓬、芦苇、柽柳这3种盐生植物群落为对象，研究其根际与非根际土壤中蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和脲酶的活性特征及其分布规律，并结合土壤理化性质的变化探讨滨海湿地群落演替过程中土壤酶活性的驱动因子.结果表明，盐地碱蓬、芦苇、柽柳群落的根际土壤酶活性和土壤肥力指标均显著高于非根际土壤（P<0.05）.在根际土壤中，磷酸酶与过氧化氢酶活性均表现为盐地碱蓬 < 芦苇 < 柽柳，蔗糖酶与脲酶活性则分别表现为柽柳 < 盐地碱蓬 < 芦苇、盐地碱蓬 < 柽柳 < 芦苇，且不同盐生植物群落根际土壤理化性质存在显著差异（P<0.05），说明植物类型及其根际效应均会影响土壤酶活性和土壤肥力特征，且根际效应对土壤酶活性的影响大于植被类型.土壤蔗糖酶活性与有效钾（AK）、有效磷（AP）、铵态氮（NH4+-N）显著正相关（P<0.05）；脲酶活性与全氮（TN）、有机质（SOM）、AK、AP、NH4+-N和硝态氮（NO3--N）显著正相关（P<0.01）；二者均与土壤电导率（EC）显著负相关（P<0.01）.磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性与土壤含水率（MC）、全碳（TC）、TN、全磷（TP）、SOM、AK和NH4+-N均呈显著正相关关系（P<0.05），同时，pH、总钾（TK）、NO3--N还与过氧化氢酶活性显著正相关（P<0.05）.冗余分析（RDA）结果显示，黄河三角洲土壤酶活性特征的主要影响因子从大到小依次为：TC（P<0.01）、SOM（P<0.01）、MC（P<0.01）、TN（P<0.05）、NH4+-N（P<0.05）和EC（P<0.05），表明土壤肥力、水分与盐度是黄河三角洲盐生植物群落土壤酶活性的主要影响因子. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Soil enzymes play key roles in the construction and succession of coastal wetland communities, while the driving mechanism of their activities under water and salt stress conditions is still unclear. The activities and distributions of sucrase, phosphatase, catalase, and urease in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Suaeda salsa, Phragmites australis, and Tamarix chinensis communities were studied in the Yellow River Delta. Moreover, the changes in soil enzyme activities and their influencing factors during the succession of halophytic plant communities were discussed in combination with changes in the physicochemical properties of soil. The results showed significantly higher soil enzyme activities and soil fertility parameters in the rhizosphere soils of S. salsa, P. australis, and T. chinensis communities than those in the non-rhizosphere soils (P<0.05). In the rhizosphere soils, the activities of phosphatase and catalase increased in the order of S. salsa < P. australis < T. chinensis, while they increased in the order of T. chinensis < S. salsa < P. australis for sucrase activity, and S. salsa < T. chinensis < P. australis for urease activity. Further, significant differences were found in the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soils between different halophyte communities (P<0.05), which indicated that plant types and their rhizosphere effects could affect soil enzyme activities and fertility characteristics. Furthermore, a two-way analysis of variance showed that the rhizosphere effect was greater than that of vegetation type. The soil sucrase activity was significantly positively correlated with available potassium (AK), available phosphorus (AP), and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) (P<0.05). Meanwhile, urease activity was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen (TN), organic matter (SOM), AK, AP, NH4+-N, and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) (P<0.01). Both of the two enzymes were negatively correlated with soil electrical conductivity (EC) (P<0.01). The phosphatase and catalase activities were found to be significantly positively correlated with soil water content (MC), total carbon (TC), TN, total phosphorus (TP), SOM, AK, and NH4+-N (P<0.05). Additionally, parameters of pH, total potassium (TK), and NO3--N were also significantly associated with catalase activity. Finally, the redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that main factors affecting the overall soil enzyme activity were TC (P<0.01), SOM (P<0.01), MC (P<0.01), TN (P<0.05), NH4+-N (P<0.05), and EC (P<0.05). The findings suggested that soil fertility, water, and salinity are the most influential factors of soil enzyme activity in different halophytic plant communities of the Yellow River Delta. |
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