中文关键词土壤质量最小数据集TOPSIS模型障碍因子滩涂围垦区 英文关键词soil qualityminimum data setTOPSIS modelobstacle factortidal flat reclamation area

作者	单位	E-mail
解雪峰	浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 金华 321004	xiexuefeng@zjnu.cn
濮励杰	南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 南京 210023 自然资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室, 南京 210023	ljpu@nju.edu.cn
朱明	南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 南京 210023 自然资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室, 南京 210023
吴涛	浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 金华 321004
许艳	自然资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室, 南京 210023 苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 苏州 215009

中文摘要 评估围垦后土壤质量的变化过程可以为土壤抑盐、培肥等调控措施提供科学指导.以不同围垦年限（5、30、38和61 a）滩涂围垦区和光滩为研究对象，基于最小数据集方法筛选了与土壤质量密切相关的土壤黏粒比例、土壤盐分（SSC）、土壤有机质（SOM）、全钾（TK）和土壤容重（BD）这5个指标，结合TOPSIS模型构建土壤质量指数对滨海滩涂围垦后土壤质量演变过程进行评价.结果表明，滩涂围垦后土壤粒径逐渐细化，土壤含水量和土壤容重逐渐降低，土壤脱盐脱碱活动持续进行并伴随着养分和速效养分含量的逐渐累积.研究区土壤质量指数在24.06~63.08之间，并呈现出：光滩（20.04±11.48） < 围垦5 a（29.33±10.65） < 围垦30 a（51.52±8.76）≈围垦38 a（49.98±10.75） < 围垦61 a（58.37±3.15），土壤质量大致经历了"初期稳定-迅速提升-相对稳定"这3个阶段.土壤质量因子障碍程度的排序为黏粒比例 > SSC > SOM > TK > BD，较低的黏粒含量和较高的盐分是围垦区土壤提升的主要障碍因子. 英文摘要 Investigating the change of soil quality during reclamation can provide scientific guidance for desalinization, fertilization, etc. Soil samples were collected from natural tidal flat areas (0 years) and coastal tidal flat reclamation areas with different reclamation years (5, 30, 38, and 61 years) to assess the changes in soil quality after 60 years of reclamation. Soil quality was evaluated using a soil quality index (SQI), which was calculated by the selected minimum data set (MDS) and TOPSIS method. The ratio of clay content (CLAY), soil salt content (SSC), soil organic carbon (SOC), total potassium (TK), and bulk density (BD) were selected as soil quality indicators involving soil physical and chemical properties based on the MDS. The results showed that soil particle size tended to refine gradually with the continuous decrease of sand content and increase of silt and clay content. Simultaneously, soil water content (SWC) and soil BD decreased gradually during the reclamation period. Additionally, SSC, pH and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) decreased significantly with increase in reclamation years, whereas the nutrients and available nutrients were accumulated gradually, such as soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), and available phosphorus (AP). However, C/N, TK and available potassium (AK) showed a decrease with increasing reclamation years, and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) showed a trend of first decrease and then increase. Finally, SQI values varied from 24.06 in the bare flat soils to 63.08 in the soils after 63 years of reclamation, and showed that bare flat (20.04±11.48) < reclamation for 5 years (29.33±10.65) < reclamation for 30 years (51.52±8.76) ≈ reclamation for 38 years (49.98±10.75) < reclamation for 61 years (58.37±3.15), which has gone through approximately three stages of "initial stability-rapid improvement-relative stability." Soil CLAY content had the highest obstacle degree towards SQI among the selected MDS indicators, followed by SSC, SOM, TK, and SWC, and thereby the lower clay content and higher salt content were the main obstacle factors for promotion of soil quality in reclamation areas.

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