中文关键词郑州市PM_2.5水溶性离子季节变化源解析 英文关键词ZhengzhouPM_2.5water-soluble ionsseasonal variationsource identification

作者	单位	E-mail
闫广轩	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007	xuanxuaneeee@163.com
张靖雯	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007
雷豪杰	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007
黄海燕	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007
唐明双	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007
曹治国	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007
李云蓓	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007
樊静	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007
王跃思	中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
李怀刚	新乡市环境保护监测站, 新乡 453000

中文摘要 为探究郑州市PM_2.5的污染水平，水溶性离子组成特征并进行来源分析，于2016年四季进行PM_2.5周年膜采样，每个季节连续采集30 d共采集有效样品170个.分别采用重量法测定PM_2.5的质量浓度，离子色谱法测定水溶性离子浓度，并使用主成分分析法对其进行来源解析.结果表明，在采样期间郑州市PM_2.5年均质量浓度为150.72μg·m^-3，季节性特征明显，冬季最高，夏季最低，秋季略高于春季.NH₄⁺、NO₃^-、SO₄^2-是郑州PM_2.5中最主要的无机水溶性离子，三离子之和占所测7种水溶性离子总含量的比例分别为92.55%（春）、92.94%（夏）、93.06%（秋）和93.15%（冬）.阴阳离子电荷当量年均值为0.886，PM_2.5呈弱碱性.春、夏季节铵盐的存在形态为NH₄NO₃和（NH₄）₂SO₄，秋季铵盐的存在形式可能为NH₄NO₃、（NH₄）₂SO₄和NH₄HSO₄，冬季NH₄⁺除上述3种存在形式外，可能还以NH₄Cl或其他形式存在.郑州市大气中存在较强的SO₂、NO₂二次转化过程，水溶性离子的主要来源是二次转化过程，化石燃料和生物质燃烧、矿尘、农业活动以及土壤和建筑尘等. 英文摘要 In order to explore the characteristics of PM_2.5 concentration and water-soluble inorganic ions in Zhengzhou City, a total of 170 PM_2.5 samples were collected in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons of 2016, with 30 days continuous sampling during each season. The mass concentration of PM_2.5 was analyzed gravimetrically, water-soluble inorganic ions were determined by ion chromatography, and principle component analysis was employed for source apportionment. The results showed that the mass concentration of PM_2.5 was 150.72μg·m^-3 during the sampling period. The mass concentration was highest in winter and lowest in summer, and that of autumn is higher was higher than that of spring. The ions SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, and NH₄⁺ were the major WSIs found in PM_2.5, accounting for 92.55%, 92.94%, 93.06%, and 93.15% of the total amount of the seven ions found in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The anion-to-cation ratio was 0.886, which indicated that PM_2.5 was slightly alkaline in Zhengzhou. Secondary inorganic species, including NH₄⁺, NO₃^-, and SO₄^2- were the major components of the water-soluble ions. These ions most likely existed in the form of NH₄NO₃ and (NH₄)₂SO₄ during spring and summer, while they were present as NH₄NO₃, (NH₄)₂SO₄ and NH₄HSO₄ in autumn. In addition to these three forms, NH₄Cl or other forms may exist in winter. Industrial emissions, combustion, secondary transformation, soil, and construction dust were the major sources of the water-soluble ions in PM_2.5.

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