中文关键词肉鸡饲养场PM_2.5抗生素抗性基因粪便一类整合子 英文关键词broiler feeding operationPM_2.5antibiotic resistance genesfecesclass I integrin

作者	单位	E-mail
刘菲	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164	ly_fhy@126.com
许霞	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164
屠博文	常州市疾病预防控制中心, 常州 213022
汪楚乔	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164
江晓栋	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164
王利平	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164	wlpcczu@163.com
薛银刚	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164 江苏省常州环境监测中心, 江苏省环境保护水环境生物监测重点实验室, 常州 213001	yzxyg@126.com

中文摘要 集约化家禽饲养场是抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的重要来源，而PM_2.5作为ARGs可能向人体暴露的重要途径还未得到很好地研究.本文采集了集约化肉鸡饲养场舍内PM_2.5和粪便以及舍外PM_2.5样品，利用荧光定量PCR（qPCR）进行一类整合子（intI1）、总细菌（16S rDNA）和6类共19种ARGs丰度的检测.结果显示，除bla_GES-1和bla_SHV-1之外，其余17种ARGs在6类样品中均有检出.磺胺类、四环素类、大环内酯类和氨基糖苷类抗性基因在舍内粪便中丰度较高，达到1.04×10⁹~3.27×10¹⁰ copies·g^-1，粪便是饲养场PM_2.5中ARGs的主要来源.舍内PM_2.5中以磺胺类和大环内酯类抗性基因丰度较高，分别为（8.9±1.9）×10⁷ copies·m^-3和（5.6±3.1）×10⁷ copies·m^-3，且舍内PM_2.5中ARGs丰度明显高于舍外.PM_2.5质量浓度与16S rDNA、intI1和ARGs丰度呈显著正相关，表明集约化饲养场中PM_2.5是空气传播细菌、ARGs和intI1的储存库和传播者.6类样品中intI1丰度均高于ARGs，同时intI1和ARGs的共存关系表现出了多药耐药性的威胁，易对饲养人员和家禽健康及周边空气环境造成危害. 英文摘要 Concentrated poultry feeding operations are an important source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Little attention has been given to PM_2.5 as a mechanism for exposing ARGs to humans. In this study, PM_2.5 and fecal samples from inside the broiler feeding operation and PM_2.5 samples from outside the broiler feeding operation were collected. All samples were subjected to the determination of class Ⅰ integrin (intI1), total bacterial gene (16S rDNA), and 19 ARGs of six types by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The results indicated that, excluding bla_GES-1 and bla_SHV-1, the remaining 17 ARGs were detected in all six samples. Sulfonamide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, macrolide resistance genes, and aminoglycoside resistance genes were abundant in the feces, reaching 1.04×10⁹-3.27×10¹⁰ copies·g^-1, while feces was an important source of antibiotic resistance genes in PM_2.5 of the broiler feeding operation. There were high abundances of sulfonamide resistance genes and macrolide resistance genes in PM_2.5 from inside the broiler feeding operation, reaching (8.9±1.9)×10⁷ copies·m^-3 and (5.6±3.1)×10⁷ copies·m^-3, respectively. The abundance of ARGs in the PM_2.5 samples from inside the broiler feeding operation was significantly higher compared to the outside PM_2.5 samples. There was a significant positive correlation between PM_2.5 mass concentration and 16S rDNA, intI1, and ARGs abundance, indicating that PM_2.5 was the reservoir and disseminator of airborne bacteria, ARGs, and intI1 in the broiler feeding operation. The abundance of intI1 was higher than ARGs among all samples, and the co-occurring relationship between intI1 and ARGs demonstrates the threat of multi-drug resistance, which is harmful to the surrounding air environment and the health of the breeder and poultry.

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