中文关键词富营养湖泊扩散通量时间变化空间变化影响因子 英文关键词eutrophic lakediffusion fluxtemporal variationspatial variationinfluencing factors

作者	单位	E-mail
商东耀	南京信息工程大学, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044	1978769569@qq.com
肖启涛	中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室, 南京 210008	qtxiao@niglas.ac.cn
胡正华	南京信息工程大学, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044	zhhu@nuist.edu.cn
谢燕红	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044
黄文晶	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044
张弥	南京信息工程大学大气环境中心, 南京 210044

中文摘要 为明确富营养湖区CH₄排放特征及其影响因素，对太湖梅梁湾湖区和湖心区进行为期1a的观测，分析影响富营养化湖泊CH₄扩散通量时空格局的环境要素.结果表明，太湖不同湖区均表现为大气CH₄的源，但富营养化梅梁湾湖区的CH₄扩散排放量[年均值：0.140 mmol·（m²·d）^-1）]要明显高于中营养化湖心区的排放量[年均值：0.024 mmol·（m²·d）^-1]，并且在富营养化湖区中，湖岸区的CH₄排放量最高.CH₄通量表现出显著的季节变化：夏季排放量最高，冬季排放量最低，并且季节间的差异可达一个数量级大小.太湖CH₄通量的空间变化与水体DOC浓度显著正相关（R²=0.62，P<0.01），富营养化湖区中较高DOC浓度导致其出现高CH₄排放量.太湖CH₄扩散通量的时间变化受风速和水温等气象因素的驱动，部分水质因子对此有间接影响作用.鉴于湖泊CH₄扩散通量强烈的时空变化以及环境因素巨大的影响，湖泊CH₄排放量准确的估算依赖于较大空间和较长时间的观测. 英文摘要 In order to identify methane (CH₄) diffusion emissions characteristics and their impact factors in an eutrophic lake, CH₄ flux across the lake-air interface was observed in Meiliang Bay and the central zone of Lake Taihu over one year. The relationships between CH₄ flux and environmental factors and water quality indices were analyzed. The results indicated that the annual mean CH₄ diffusion flux in the eutrophic zone was significantly higher than that in the central zone, which were 0.140 mmol·(m²·d)^-1 and 0.024 mmol·(m²·d)^-1, respectively. Additionally, the highest CH₄ flux appeared in the eutrophic littoral zone. The CH₄ flux varied seasonally, which was consistent with water temperature that peaked in summer. Furthermore, the difference in CH₄ flux between seasons was an order of magnitude. The temporal variation in CH₄ flux was mostly driven by wind speed and water temperature. The spatial correlation between CH₄ flux and dissolved organic carbon concentration was highly significant (R²=0.62, P<0.01). Observing temporal and spatial patterns of CH₄ flux was necessary to accurately estimate whole-lake CH₄ emissions due to large variability across time and space.

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