中文关键词PM_2.5长三角有机碳元素碳浓度分布 英文关键词PM_2.5Yangtze River Deltaorganic carbon(OC)elemental carbon(EC)concentration distribution

作者	单位	E-mail
康晖	南京信息工程大学, 气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044	kanghui@nuist.edu.cn
朱彬	南京信息工程大学, 气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044	binzhu@nuist.edu.cn
王红磊	南京信息工程大学, 气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044
施双双	南京信息工程大学, 气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室, 气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044

中文摘要 对2015年1月9日~2015年1月31日临安、南京和苏州3个站点采集的PM_2.5样品（共计279组），使用热光反射法（thermal/optical reflectance，TOR）分析了样品中有机碳（OC）与元素碳（EC）的含量，并研究了长三角地区冬季PM_2.5中OC和EC的污染特征.结果表明，采样期间临安、南京和苏州的PM_2.5平均质量浓度分别为（123.56±61.11）、（144.77±62.91）和（156.5±68.97）μg ·m^-3，均超过我国《环境空气质量标准》（GB 3095-2012）规定的PM_2.5日均值75 μg ·m^-3；其中3个站点OC与EC的平均质量浓度依次分别为（21.93±11.69）/（6±3.6）、（20.32±10.3）/（5.39±3.07）和（27.08±14.35）/（6.4±4.29）μg ·m^-3.临安作为长三角大气环境背景点，OC与EC的污染也较为严重.3个站点OC与EC的相关性为临安（R²=0.83）、南京（R²=0.72）和苏州（R²=0.72），表明冬季长三角地区的碳质气溶胶的来源较为一致和稳定.3个站点样品中的OC/EC值均大于2.0，样品的OC/EC值主要分布在2.5~6.0这个区间内，表明燃煤源和机动车尾气排放源是OC与EC的主要来源.使用EC示踪法估算临安、南京和苏州3个站点的二次有机碳（SOC）平均质量浓度分别为（9.23±5.26）、（6.82±4.36）和（12.56±7.52）μg ·m^-3，在OC中占比为42%、34%和46%，表明SOC是OC的重要组成部分.后向轨迹显示，PM_2.5、OC和EC的质量浓度与主要气团的传输路径有较好的相关性，自空气质量较差区域气团的PM_2.5、OC和EC的质量浓度是来自空气质量较好区域的1.14~1.7倍、1.55~2.1倍和1.94~2.47倍. 英文摘要 Two hundred seventy-nine PM_2.5 samples were collected from January 9, 2015 to January 31, 2015 in Lin'an, Nanjing, and Suzhou. They were analyzed for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) following the thermal/optical reflection protocol. The pollution characteristics of OC and EC in PM_2.5 during the winter in the Yangtze River Delta were discussed in detail.The average mass concentrations of PM_2.5 in the three sample sites were (123.56±61.11), (144.77±62.91), and (156.5±68.97) μg·m^-3, respectively, which were in excess of the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012) 24-hr mass-based standard of 75 μg·m^-3. The average mass concentration of OC and EC were (21.93±11.69)/(6±3.6), (20.32±10.3)/(5.39±3.07), and (27.08±14.35)/(6.4±4.29) μg·m^-3, respectively. Lin'an, which is regarded as the background site for the atmospheric environment in the Yangtze River Delta, is also polluted seriously. The OC was strongly correlated with EC in Lin'an (R²=0.83), Nanjing (R²=0.72), and Suzhou (R²=0.72). This shows that the carbonaceous aerosols have similar sources during the winter in the Yangtze River Delta. All of the samples' OC/EC ratios exceeded 2.0, with the sample OC/EC ratios mainly distributed in the range of 2.5-6.0, indicating that coal combustion and vehicle exhaust are the main sources of OC and EC. The estimated mass concentrations of SOC were (9.23±5.26), (6.82±4.36), and (12.56±7.52) μg·m^-3, respectively, which contributed 42%, 34%, and 46% to the OC, indicating that SOC is an important part of OC. Backward-trajectory shows that the mass concentrations of PM_2.5, OC, and EC have a good correlation with the transmission path of the main air mass. The mass concentrations of PM_2.5, OC, and EC controlled by the air mass from poor air quality areas are 1.14-1.7 times, 1.55-2.1 times, and 1.94-2.47 times higher than that in the air mass from good air quality areas.

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