中文关键词柴油公交车废食用油制生物柴油污染物VOCs大气反应活性 英文关键词diesel buswaste cooking oil based biodieselpollutant emissionvolatile organic compoundsatmospheric reactivity

作者	单位	E-mail
胡志远	同济大学汽车学院, 上海 201804	huzhiyuan@tongji.edu.cn
林骠骑	同济大学汽车学院, 上海 201804
黄成	上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200233 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233
王红丽	上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200233 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233
景盛翱	上海市环境科学研究院, 上海 200233 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233
楼狄明	同济大学汽车学院, 上海 201804

中文摘要 以国三、国五柴油公交车为研究对象，在重型底盘测功机上运行中国典型城市公交循环，分析了国三、国五柴油公交车使用柴油、废食用油制生物柴油-柴油混合燃料（B10）的污染物排放及VOCs成分谱.结果表明：国五公交车的THC、CO、PM和固态PM_2.5数量排放比国三公交车分别降低39.3%、19.9%、77.4%和28.4%，NO_x升高31.7%；国三、国五公交车排放的VOCs主要为烷烃、烯烃和含氧化合物，国五公交车的烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃、含氧化合物等VOCs排放较低，其VOCs大气反应活性降低，二次有机气溶胶的生成潜势较弱.与使用柴油比较，国三（国五）公交车使用B10的THC、CO、PM和固态PM_2.5数量排放降低；国三公交车的NO_x排放增加，国五公交车的NO_x排放降低；国三（国五）公交车使用B10的VOCs成分谱中含氧化合物降低，烯烃增加，VOCs大气反应活性增强. 英文摘要 Two diesel buses respectively certified to meet China Ⅲ and China Ⅴ emission standards were used as prototype vehicles, fixed on a heavy-duty chassis dynamometer and driven according to a typical city bus driving cycle to analyze the pollutant emissions and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The buses were fueled with diesel and waste cooking oil based biodiesel with 10 vol% blend ratio (B10). The emissions of total hydrocarbon(THC), CO, particulate matter (PM), and the number of solid particles with a diameter of 23 nm to 2.5 μm (referred to as "solid particulate number of PM_2.5") from the bus certified to meet China Ⅴ (referred to as "China V bus") were 39.3%, 19.9%, 77.4%, and 28.4% lower than those from the other bus certified to meet China Ⅲ (referred to as "China Ⅲ bus"), while NO_x emissions were 31.7% higher. Moreover, alkanes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and oxygenated compounds in VOCs emitted from the China V bus were lower than those emitted from the China Ⅲ bus, suggesting lower atmospheric reactivity and smaller potential of secondary organic aerosol formation. Compared with the emission results of two diesel-fueled buses, the B10-fueled buses emitted smaller amounts of THC, CO, PM, and solid particulate number of PM_2.5, lower oxygenated compounds but higher alkenes; slightly higher NO_x emissions than China Ⅲ but slightly lower NO_x emissions than China V. Consequently, the atmospheric reactivity of VOCs in exhaust gas from the bus fueled with B10 was higher than that from the diesel-powered bus.

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