中文关键词陆浑水库饮用水源地金属元素分布特征健康风险评价 英文关键词Luhun Reservoirdrinking water sourcemetalsdistribution characteristicshealth risk assessment

作者	单位	E-mail
余葱葱	中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 武汉 430074	cugycc2015@163.com
赵委托	核工业二〇三研究所环境工程与评价中心, 咸阳 712000	weituo2006@126.com
高小峰	东京大学大学院工学系研究科, 东京 113-8656
程胜高	中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 武汉 430074	chengsg@cug.edu.cn
谢地	中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 武汉 430074
马鹏途	中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 武汉 430074

中文摘要 在2016年对陆浑水库饮用水源地46个水样中12种金属元素（包括重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Fe、Hg、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Zn和轻金属Al）进行测定，探讨了水体中金属元素的分布特征，并借助健康风险评价模型评价了水体中金属人体健康风险.结果表明，陆浑水库饮用水源地水体中Al最大浓度（200.27 μg·L^-1）和Mo所有浓度（151.42~170.69 μg·L^-1）均超过《地表水环境质量标准》（GB 3838-2002）和《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB 5749-2006）规定的标准限值，超标率依次为4.35%和100%.陆浑水库饮用水源地水体中金属浓度分布具有较明显的空间差异性，高值区域集中在库区西南部（上游）、东北部（下游）.健康风险评价结果表明，儿童暴露剂量明显高于成人暴露剂量，金属元素经饮用水途径引起的健康风险均高于皮肤接触途径.金属致癌风险中，Cr和As致癌风险超过最大可接受风险水平（5.0×10^-5 a^-1），超标率分别为100%和3.80%，Cr对总致癌风险的贡献率平均达到85%；非致癌性金属元素健康风险（10^-12~10^-7 a^-1）呈现出Al > Mo > Cu > Pb > Ni > Hg > Fe > Zn > Mn，比最大可接受风险水平低2~7个数量级. 英文摘要 In order to investigate the distribution characteristics and the human health risks of 12 metals in drinking water sources from the Luhun Reservoir, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations in 46 water samples collected from the reservoir in 2016 were measured and analyzed. The health risks caused by metals were assessed by using a human health risk assessment model. The results showed that the maximum concentration of Al (200.27 μg·L^-1) and all concentrations of Mo (151.42-170.69 μg·L^-1) in drinking water from the Luhun Reservoir exceeded the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002) and Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB 5749-2006) by 4.35% and 100%, respectively. A distinct spatial heterogeneity was found in the metal distribution, and the region with the highest metals concentrations was located southwest (upstream) and northeast (downstream) of the reservoir. The results of a health risk assessment indicated that children had greater health risks than adults. The health risks for metals through drinking were all higher than the values caused by dermal contact. Carcinogenic risks caused by Cr and As exceeded the maximum allowance levels (5×10^-5 a^-1) by 100% and 3.80%, respectively, and Cr accounted for 85% of the total carcinogenic risks. The non-carcinogenic risks of the metals (10^-12-10^-7 a^-1) decreased in the order of Al > Mo > Cu > Pb > Ni > Hg > Fe > Zn > Mn, which had levels two to seven orders of magnitude lower than the maximum allowance levels.

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