中文关键词浅水池塘温室气体排水活动日变化环境因素河口区 英文关键词shallow pondsgreenhouse gasesdrainage activitydiurnal variationsenvironmental factorsestuary

作者	单位	E-mail
杨平	福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007 湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室, 福州 350007	yangping528@sina.cn
谭立山	福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007
黄佳芳	福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007 湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室, 福州 350007 福建师范大学亚热带湿地研究中心, 福州 350007
何清华	福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007
仝川	福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007 湿润亚热带生态-地理过程教育部重点实验室, 福州 350007 福建师范大学亚热带湿地研究中心, 福州 350007	tongch@fjnu.edu.cn

中文摘要 排水活动是河口区养殖塘鱼、虾捕获后的重要管理方式之一.为探讨排水活动对河口区养殖塘温室气体通量的影响，采用静态（悬浮）箱-气相色谱法对初冬时期闽江河口区的未排干和排干养殖塘温室气体（CH₄和N₂O）通量日变化特征进行原位观测.结果表明，1未排干与排干养殖塘CH₄通量范围分别介于0.04~0.10 mg·（m²·h）^-1和14.04~33.72 mg·（m²·h）^-1，均值分别为（0.07±0.01） mg·（m²·h）^-1和（24.74±2.33） mg·（m²·h）^-1，均表现为大气库中CH₄释放源，呈现夜高昼低的特征；2未排干养殖塘N₂O通量范围和均值分别介于-0.027~0.011 mg·（m²·h）^-1和（0.002±0.004） mg·（m²·h）^-1，整体上呈现昼低夜高的特征，而排干养殖塘N₂O通量范围和均值分别介于0.59~1.76 mg·（m²·h）^-1和（1.07±0.15） mg·（m²·h）^-1，整体上呈现昼高夜低的特征.以上研究结果初步揭示，排干初期的河口区养殖塘排水活动不仅显著增加温室气体（CH₄和N₂O）排放强度，也可以显著改变养殖塘温室气体通量的日动态特征. 英文摘要 Annual drainage is a typical management activity practiced by operators as a way to export aquaculture effluent, accelerate aerobic decomposition of bottom soils, and avoid eutrophication during the non-culture period after harvest. Drainage activities can cause large changes in hydrology, nutrient cycling, sediment physicochemical properties, and even broad ecosystem functions. In order to understand the effects of drainage on the diurnal variation characteristics and magnitude of greenhouse gas (CH₄ and N₂O) fluxes from the aquaculture ponds of the estuaries, a 24-hour continuous monitoring was conducted from one undrained pond (UDP) and one drained pond (DP) during early winter in the Minjiang River estuary on the southeast coast of China. Over the entire study period, the fluxes of CH₄ from the UDP and DP ranged from 0.04 to 0.10 mg·(m²·h)^-1 and 14.04 to 33.72 mg·(m²·h)^-1, respectively, with means of (0.07±0.01) mg·(m²·h)^-1 and (24.74±2.33) mg·(m²·h)^-1. The CH₄ flux was lower during the day and higher at night with a net flux as the sources of the CH₄. The fluxes of N₂O from the UDP ranged from -0.027 to 0.011 mg·(m²·h)^-1, and the average fluxes of (0.002±0.004) mg·(m²·h)^-1 showed "weak absorption by day and emission at night." The N₂O fluxes from the DP were emitted all day (ranging from 0.59 to 1.76 mg·(m²·h)^-1) with the average fluxes of N₂O (1.07±0.15) mg·(m²·h)^-1 indicating higher fluxes at night and lower fluxes during the day. Our research demonstrated that drainage would significantly enhance CH₄ and N₂O release from the aquaculture ponds. The study also preliminarily confirms that the undrained pond converted to a drained pond considerably alter the diurnal variation characteristics of the CH₄ and N₂O emissions during early winter. Clearly, future measurements in situ at high frequency over a long time and at different spatial scales would be worth researching from drained aquaculture ponds.

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