摘要:为阐明雄安新区不同土地利用方式下土壤性状的空间分布特征，采用网格法和随机取样法实地采集雄安新区-容城县表层土壤样品（0-20 cm）133份，运用地统计学和ArcGIS相关技术，对4种不同土地利用方式下的土壤有机质（SOM）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）、全钾（TK）、电导率（EC）、土壤含盐量（SS）、含水量（WC）、pH值、机械组成和空间分布特征进行了研究。结果表明，容城县土壤属轻壤土，pH中性，土壤表层SOM、TN、TP和TK含量均处于中等水平。不同土地利用方式下，除TK含量无差异外，其他所有理化性状差异显著（P<0.01）。土壤pH值（内陆滩涂 > 林地 > 耕地 > 公园与绿地）；SOM含量（耕地 > 公园与绿地 > 林地 > 内陆滩涂）；TN含量（耕地≈公园与绿地 > 林地 > 内陆滩涂）；TP含量（耕地 > 公园与绿地 > 内陆滩涂 > 林地）；SS（内陆滩涂 > 耕地 > 林地 > 公园与绿地）；WC（内陆滩涂 > 公园与绿地 > 林地 > 耕地）；EC（内陆滩涂 > 耕地 > 公园与绿地 > 林地）。不同土地利用方式下土壤pH值属弱变异性，SOM、TN、TP、TK、WC和EC均为中等变异，SS属高变异性。研究区土壤SOM、TN和TP含量呈显著正相关（P<0.01），经空间插值分析，SOM、TN和TP空间分布状况类似，均表现为东部偏少，西部稍丰。WC、EC和SS呈显著正相关（P<0.01），空间分布均呈斑块状。容城县表层土壤各性状指标均有趋势效应，且中部变化相对南北变化明显。上述研究结果明确了雄安新区土壤理化指标现状和土壤养分空间分布格局，为新区土地利用和生态建设提供科学支撑。



Abstract:In order to clarify the spatial distribution characteristics of soil properties under different land use patterns, 133 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from Rongcheng County in Xiong'an New Area by grid method and random sampling method. The soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), electrical conductivity (EC), salt salinity (SS), water content (WC), pH value, and soil mechanical composition under four different land use patterns as well as their spatial distribution features were analyzed by geostatistical methods and the tool of ArcGIS. The results showed that the soil in Rongcheng County belonged to light loam soil with neutral pH values. The contents of SOM, TN, TP and TK at the surface layer of soil were at the middle level. Under different land use patterns, except for the content of TK having no difference, the difference of other physical and chemical properties had reached very significant level (P<0.01). The pH value of soil (inland tidal flat > woodland > farmland > Park and green land); SOM content (farmland > Park and green land > woodland > inland tidal flat); TN content (farmland ≈ Park and green land > woodland > inland tidal flat); TP content (farmland > Park and green land > inland tidal flat > woodland); SS (inland tidal flat > farmland > woodland > Park and green land); WC (inland tidal flat > Park and green land > woodland > farmland); EC (inland tidal flat > farmland > Park and green land > woodland). Under different land use patterns, pH value of the soil had weak variability, SOM, TN, TP, TK, WC and EC had medium variability, and SS had high variability. The SOM, TN, and TP content of the soil in the study area was positively correlated with each other (P<0.01). The spatial distribution patterns of SOM, TN and TP in the study area were similar according to the method of spatial interpolation, showing a feature of less in the east and more in the west. WC, EC and SS also showed a very significantly positive correlation (P<0.01), and the spatial distribution was patchy. The results showed that all physical and chemical properties of surface soil in Rongcheng County had trend effect, and the change in the middle was more obvious than that in the north and south. The above results clarified the current situation and the spatial distribution pattern of soil physical and chemical properties, and will provide scientific support for land use and ecological construction in Xiong'an New Area.





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