摘要:探讨不同林层群落结构动态及其与地形因子之间的关系，为群落结构优化和可持续经营管理提供理论支持。基于吉林蛟河30 hm²针阔混交林固定监测样地的野外调查数据，以2010和2015年胸径（DBH）≥1 cm的木本植物为研究对象，分析了不同林层物种组成、林分密度、群落结构多样性差异及其5年间的动态变化，利用偏相关分析研究了不同林层群落结构特征和地形因子的关系。结果表明：（1）林下层物种丰富度略高于林冠层，林冠层蓄积生产力是整个森林群落蓄积生产力的主要贡献者，林下层的物种多样性和林分结构多样性变化较林冠层明显；（2）林冠层优势树种的重要值在群落演替过程中逐渐扩大，整个样地林冠层树木个体数量减少了175株，林下层树木个体增加了3503株；（3）地形因子中海拔是影响群落结构动态最主要的因子，通过影响土壤和光照等条件从而影响群落结构变化。该林分处于相对稳定状态，不同林层群落结构特征差异显著，正确把握地形因子与不同林层群落结构动态变化的关系对森林的可持续经营具有重要意义。



Abstract:This study aims to explore the dynamic of the community structure of different forest layers and its relationship with topographical factors, as well as to provide theoretical support for community structure optimization and sustainable management. Based on the field survey data of the 30 hm² coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest fixed monitoring plot in Jiaohe, Jilin, the woody plants with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm in 2010 and 2015 were used as the research object to analyze the difference of species composition, forest density, community structure diversity and its dynamic changes in 5 years across different forest strata. In addition, the relationship between the community structure characteristics and topographic factors was studied by using partial correlation analysis. The results showed that (1) the species richness of the understorey was slightly higher than that of the overstorey. The accumulated productivity of the overstorey was the main contributor to the accumulated productivity of the whole forest community. (2) The important value of dominant tree species in the overstorey gradually expanded during the process of community succession. The number of individual trees in the overstorey decreased by 175, while the number of individual trees in the understorey increased by 3,503. (3) The altitude is the most important factor affecting the dynamics of community structure, by affecting the soil and light conditions to affect the community structure changes. The stand is in a stable state but the community structure characteristics across different forest strata are obviously different. Correctly grasping the relationship between topographical factors and the dynamic changes of the community structure of different forest layers is of great significance to the sustainable management of forests.





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