摘要:植物物候对气候变化非常敏感，但关于物候对不同气候因子协同作用的响应机制仍不清楚。为此，以蒙古栎为研究对象，针对蒙古栎物候的主要影响因子温度和光周期，利用大型人工气候室，模拟研究了温度与光周期协同作用（对照、增温1.5℃、增温2.0℃，不同光周期（10 h、14 h、18 h）及其协同作用（对照处理、增温1.5℃×18 h、增温1.5℃×10 h、增温2.0℃×18 h、增温2.0℃×10 h））对蒙古栎春季物候的影响与机制。结果表明：（1）相同水分条件下，不同升温程度对蒙古栎幼苗春季物候的影响不同。温升1.5℃促进蒙古栎幼苗春季物候（芽膨大期、芽开放期、展叶始期和展叶盛期）提前；而温升2.0℃则对不同春季物候的影响不同，表现为促进芽休眠解除和芽开放，但抑制叶片展开。（2）相同水分条件下，不同光周期对蒙古栎幼苗不同春季物候的影响存在差异。长光周期对蒙古栎幼苗展叶盛期影响最大，短光周期对芽膨大期影响最大，但均表现为抑制作用。（3）相同水分条件下，温度升高与光周期增加协同作用有助于促进蒙古栎幼苗春季物候提前，但温度升高与光周期缩短协同作用则对春季物候有抑制作用。（4）蒙古栎幼苗春季物候变化与前期气候胁迫程度存在显著正相关，表明前期气候因子也是物候变化的重要影响因子。研究结果丰富了蒙古栎物候响应多气候因子协同作用的认知，有助于促进物候模型的完善。



Abstract:Plant phenology is very sensitive to climate change. However, the interactive effects of different climatic variables on plant phenology are still unclear. Thus, taking Quercus mongolica as the research object, we studied the interactive effects of different warming and changing photoperiod (control treatment (CK), 1.5℃ warming, 2.0℃ warming; different photoperiods (10 h, 14 h, and 18 h); CK, 1.5℃ warming×18 h, 1.5℃ warming×10 h, 2.0℃ warming×18 h, 2.0℃ warming×10 h) on the spring phenology of Quercus mongolica seedlings based on the experimental data of large artificial climate simulation chamber in the context of global warming. The results are as follows:(1) Under the same water condition, different warming had different effects on the spring phenology of Quercus mongolica seedlings. The 1.5℃ warming promoted the spring phenology, including bud swelling (BS), bud opening (BO), first full leaf (F1), and 50% leaves unfolded (LU) stages. The influence of 2.0℃ warming on different spring phenology was different. 2.0℃ warming promoted the release of bud dormancy and leaf BO, but inhibited the leaf extension. (2) Under the same water condition, the effect of different photoperiods on the spring phenology of Quercus mongolica seedlings was different. The long photoperiod had the greatest influence on the 50% LU stage, while the short photoperiod had the greatest influence on the BS stage, but they all showed negative effects. (3) Under the same water condition, prolonging photoperiod under warming treatments was helpful to promote the spring phenology of Quercus mongolica seedlings, including the BO, F1 and 50% LU stages. While shortening of photoperiod under warming treatments inhibited the spring phenology of Quercus mongolica seedlings, including the BS, F1 and 50% LU stages. (4) There was a significant correlation between spring phenological changes of Quercus mongolica seedlings and previous climate stress, implying that the previous climatic variables should be the significantly controlling factors to phenological changes. The results could enrich the cognition of the interactive effects of multiple climatic variables in Quercus mongolica phenology, and are helpful to promote plant phenology simulation.





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