摘要:生态系统服务价值是生态保护、主体功能区划定、三生空间确定和生态补偿标准制定的重要依据和基础。以彝汉交错深度贫困区的峨边彝族自治县、马边彝族自治县和金口河区为研究区域，基于2000-2015年土地利用数据，运用生态服务价值动态当量法，揭示不同地区的生态系统服务价值的时空演变特征。结果表明：（1）2000-2015年研究区内土地利用变化较为强烈，汉居区、彝汉混居区、彝居区的土地利用强度均呈现增强的趋势，但变化幅度较小；（2）研究区生态系统服务价值整体呈现出下降的趋势，仅在2010年略有回升，且不同生态系统和生态服务功能的价值存在差异；（3）从空间分布上来看，生态服务价值总量呈现出中部和西部高、东部低的特征，且各区域变化方向存在差异，上升区域主要集中在东部的彝汉混居区和汉居区，下降区域主要集中在中西部的彝居区和彝汉混居区。基于动态当量进行生态服务系统价值时空演变研究，立足于变化过程，着眼于现状，可为区域的生态补偿机制的建立与生态保护规划提供科学辅助决策。



Abstract:Ecosystem service value (ESV) refers to life support products and services obtained directly or indirectly through the structure, process and function of ecosystem. It is an important basis for ecological protection, delimitation of main functional areas, and determination of production-living-ecological space as well as formulation of ecological compensation standards. The ecosystem has the characteristics of dynamic and complexity, which affects the change of ecosystem service value. Using the method for evaluating the dynamic value equivalent factor in unit area studied the ecosystem service value. And the method considered the characteristics of ecosystems, could evaluate comprehensively ecosystem service value and improve the accuracy of the evaluation results. This method was mainly affected by spatio-temporal regulation factors, thus affecting ecosystem service value. The spatio-temporal regulation factors included net primary productivity, precipitation and soil conservation. The study area included the Mabian Yi Autonomous County, the Ebian Yi Autonomous County and the Jinkouhe Qu. The Mabian Yi Autonomous County was a state-level poverty-stricken county. The Ebian Yi Autonomous County and the Jinkouhe Qu were deep and poverty-stricken counties in the province, which belonged to the two concentrated overlapping areas of the Xiaoliang Mountain and the Wumeng Mountain. They were the most important and the most difficult in poverty alleviation. This paper took Ebian Yi Autonomous County, Mabian Yi Autonomous County and Jinkouhe Qu as the research area in the Yi-Han severely impoverished areas. Based on the data of land use in 2000-2015, this paper revealed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecosystem services in different regions with the dynamic equivalent method of ecological service value, which was of great significance for establishing a fully balanced ecological stability and poverty alleviation mechanism. The results showed that: (1) the change of land use in the study area was relatively strong from 2000 to 2015, and the land use intensity in Han living, Yi-Han mixed living and Yi living showed an increasing trend, but the change range was relatively small. (2) The ecosystem service value of the study area showed a downward trend as a whole, and only rebound slightly in 2010. The values of different ecosystem and ecological service functions were different. (3) From the perspective of spatial distribution, the total value of ecological services was characterized by high in the central and west and low in the east. There are differences in the direction of change among regions. The rising areas were mainly concentrated in Han living and Yi-Han mixed living of the eastern, while the declining areas were mainly concentrated in Yi-Han mixed living and Yi living of the central and western. The method basing on dynamic equivalence studied the spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem service system value, which focused on the process of change and current situation. It could provide scientific decision-making for the establishment of regional ecological compensation mechanism and ecological protection planning.





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