摘要:以黑龙江省古大湖湿地原生、林地、耕地及湖岸盐碱土壤微生物为研究对象，基于高通量测序方法，分析4种生境类型条件下土壤细菌和真菌群落结构及多样性。结合土壤理化指标，进一步分析影响微生物群落多样性的环境因子。结果表明：细菌群落中变形菌门的相对丰度值最高，真菌群落中为子囊菌门。同一生境细菌群落多样性具有相似性，而真菌具有一定的差异；不同生境间两者均具有差异。耕地土壤和林地土壤的细菌群落多样性接近，但与湖岸土壤真菌的更相近。前两者中细菌群落多样性较高，其次为原生土壤，而湖岸土壤中的最低。耕地土壤与湖岸土壤真菌群落多样性较高，原生土壤较低，而林地土壤中最低。与真菌相比，细菌的群落多样性受土壤环境因子影响更大，其中pH值、含水量对土壤细菌和真菌群落多样性均具有显著影响。



Abstract:The original, woodland, cultivated land and lakeshore saline soil microbe of Gudahu wetland in Heilongjiang Province was selected as study object. Using the high-throughput sequencing method, we analyzed soil bacterial and fungal community structure and diversity of the four habitat types. Combining soil physicochemical index, the impact of soil environmental factor on the microbe community diversity was further analyzed. The results showed that Proteobacteria was with the highest relative abundance value in bacterial communities and Ascomycota had the highest relative abundance value in fungal communities. The bacterial community diversities were similar while the fungal were different in the same habitat; however, each of them was different in different habitats. The cultivated land soil bacterial community diversity was similar to that of woodland soil, but was closer to that of lakeshore soil. Cultivated land soil and woodland soil were with higher bacterial community diversity, followed by original soil, Lakeshore soil was with the lowest bacterial community diversity. Cultivated land soil and lakeshore soil had higher fungal community diversity, followed by original soil and woodland soil. Comparing to fungi, the diversity of bacterial community was more affected by soil environmental factors, and both pH value and moisture could significantly influence the bacterial and fungal community diversities.





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