摘要:雅砻江冬麻豆（Salweenia bouffordiana）是近年发现的冬麻豆属新种，是中国西南特有的珍稀濒危植物。本文以四川省新龙县境内的雅砻江冬麻豆种群为研究对象，采用常规的种群生态学调查方法，旨在通过建立种群静态生命表和绘制种群存活曲线来描述其种群结构特征，并利用种群数量动态预测和时间序列以量化种群未来发展趋势。结果表明：（1）雅砻江冬麻豆种群龄级结构属于衰退型，动态指数显示该种群波动大、稳定性差、抗干扰能力低，对外界干扰具有较高的敏感性；（2）静态生命表显示雅砻江冬麻豆种群整体呈现出极不稳定的状态，种群存活曲线趋向于Deevey-Ⅲ型，早期死亡率极高；（3）生存曲线表明种群具有前期薄弱，中期、后期衰退显著的特点；（4）时间序列分析显示该种群严重缺乏低龄个体，自然更新难以维持，未来仍然会继续衰退。建议尽快确定雅砻江冬麻豆种群的生物学地位，采取就地保护措施对雅砻江冬麻豆种群进行保护，以保证种群的更新和延续。



Abstract:Salweenia bouffordiana, a Salweenia species discovered in recent years, is a rare and endangered endemic species in southwest China. Through field investigation of the S. bouffordiana population in Xinlong County of Sichuan Province, this paper aims to establish its static life table and draw its population survival curve to depict characteristics of the population structure and to use its population dynamic prediction and time series analysis to quantify potential population changes. The results are as follows. Firstly, the S. bouffordiana population is a declining population. The dynamic indices indicates that the population has high temporal variability, low stability and anti-interference ability, and highly sensitive to external interferences. Secondly, the static life table shows that the S. bouffordiana population is extremely unstable as a whole. Its survival curve belongs to the typical type of Deevey-Ⅲ with the high mortality in the early stage. Thirdly, the survival functional curve shows that the S. bouffordiana population grows poorly in early age period and declines obviously in the rest. Fourthly, time series analyses indicate that the S. bouffordiana population is extremely short of individuals in early age and could hardly sustain in natural regeneration. Its population structure would continue to decay in the future. In situ conservation should be introduced as soon as possible to maintain and improve its natural regeneration.





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