摘要:植物功能群的划分有助于对生态系统结构、功能和服务的理解与认知，为更好的了解农业景观中残存的各非农生境在区域生物多样性保护和生态系统服务中的地位和作用。在黄淮海平原典型区域布点，对区内主要非农生境（林地、树篱、田间道路、沟渠）中的植物群落进行调查，并基于植物功能群分类结果探讨了其特征和在生态系统服务上的贡献。结果显示：（1）从物种数量来看，双子叶植物占绝对优势，单子叶植物在各生境中均较少，但却具有较高的群落地位，一年生和多年生植物物种丰富度及重要值基本一致；（2）从生境类别来看，田间道路和树篱等生境中一年生和单子叶植物更具有优势，随着人类扰动强度的减弱，在林地和沟渠生境中，开始有大量的多年生物种出现，尽管这些物种多为偶见种。（3）常见种多为一年生双子叶植物，种类不多，但群落地位极高，而偶见种中存在大量的多年生双子叶物种。深入分析认为，在黄淮海平原农业景观中，总体上各非农生境均处于群落演替早期，以一年生和单子叶植物功能群构成了群落主体，群落结构简单，优势种群明显，随着干扰强度的相对降低，林地与沟渠生境中的多年生和双子叶物种大量出现，偶见种增加，优势种地位下降。从物种多样性保护与生态系统服务提供综合考虑的角度看，尽管这些非农生境发挥了重要作用，但所能发挥的作用还很有限，未来仍需进一步减弱人类活动对非农生境的干扰，从而进一步提高区域生态系统服务的总体水平。



Abstract:The Huanghuaihai Plain is one of the most important agricultural landscape areas in China. The division of plant functional groups is conducive to the cognition of ecosystem structure, functions, and services, so as to better understand the status and role of the remaining non-agricultural habitats in the agricultural landscape in regional biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services. In a typical area of the Huanghuaihai Plain, the plant communities in the main non-agricultural habitats (forestland, hedges, field roads, ditches) were investigated. Based on the classification results, the characteristics of plant functional groups in each habitat and their contribution to ecosystem services were discussed. The results showed that (1) in terms of species richness, dicots were dominant, while monocots were less frequent in each habitat but had a higher community status. Species richness and important values of annual and perennial plants were basically the same. (2) From the perspective of habitat categories, annuals and monocots were more dominant in habitats such as field roads and hedges. With less human disturbance, a large number of perennial species start to appear in forest land and ditch habitats, although these species mostly appear only occasionally. (3) The common species are annual dicots, with few species but high community status, and there are a large number of occasional perennial dicot species. Further analysis shows that in the agricultural landscape of Huanghuaihai Plain, most of the non-agricultural habitats are in the early stage of community succession, and the main body of the community is composed of annual and monocot functional groups. The community structure is simple, and the dominant population is clear. With the decrease of disturbance intensity, the perennial and dicot species in the forest and ditch habitats appear in large numbers, and the occasional species increase, while the dominant species declines. From the perspective of comprehensive consideration of species diversity conservation and ecosystem services provision, although these non-agricultural habitats play an important role, their role is still limited. In the future, it is still necessary to further reduce the interference of human activities on non-agricultural habitats, so as to further improving the overall level of regional ecosystem services.





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