摘要:岩层倾向与不同坡向组合形成了顺向坡和逆向坡的地貌差异，进而影响了土壤中非生物资源的分布。喀斯特地区由于特殊的地质构造，顺向坡和逆向坡分布普遍。以重庆市酉阳县泔溪镇喀斯特槽谷坡耕地为研究区域，研究岩层倾向对喀斯特地区坡耕地土壤理化性质的影响。研究结果表明，顺向坡表层和下层土壤的自然含水量、饱和含水量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度均显著高于逆向坡相应层位，非毛管孔隙度、容重显著低于逆向坡相应层位。顺向坡土壤的sa（SiO₂/Al₂O₃）、saf（SiO₂/（Al₂O₃+Fe₂O₃））值显著高于逆向坡，顺向坡淋溶发育程度高于逆向坡。顺向坡土壤表层和下层的有机质、速效钾及碱解氮含量均显著高于逆向坡表层和下层相应含量，而pH值和有效磷含量是逆向坡含量较高。顺向坡下层土壤pH值和水分含量低于表层，而逆向坡下层土壤pH值和水分含量高于表层。综上结果表明，当岩层倾向与坡向相同时，更有利于水分的入渗和保持，促进土壤的淋溶与发育。



Abstract:The geomorphological differences between the bedding rock slope and the anti-dip stratified rock slope, which are formed by the combination of rock strata tendency and slope aspect, affects the distribution of abiotic resources in soil. And there are many bedding rock slopes and anti-dip stratified rock slopes owing to that fold structures are widespread in karst areas. In this work, the karst trough-valley sloping farmland located in Ganxi Town, Youyang County, Chongqing City, was studied to understand the effect of rock stratum tendency on the physical and chemical properties of sloping farmland soil. The results showed that the natural water content, saturated water content, total porosity, and capillary porosity in the surface and the deeper layers soil of the bedding rock slope are significantly higher than those in the corresponding horizons of the anti-dip stratified rock slope, while the non-capillary porosity and bulk density are significantly lower than those of the corresponding horizons in the anti-dip stratified rock slope. The sa (SiO₂/Al₂O₃) and saf (SiO₂/(Al₂O₃+Fe₂O₃)) value of the soil in the bedding rock slope were significantly higher than those in the anti-dip stratified rock slope. So the development degree of leaching in the bedding rock slope was higher than that in the anti-dip stratified rock slope. And the organic matter content, available potassium, and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the surface and the deeper layers of the bedding rock slope were significantly higher than those of the corresponding horizons in the anti-dip stratified rock slope, while the pH and available phosphorus were significantly lower than those of the corresponding horizons in the anti-dip stratified rock slope. The pH and water content of the deeper layer in the bedding rock slope were lower than that of the surface layer, while the pH and water content of the deeper layer in the anti-dip stratified rock slope were higher than that of the surface layer. In summary, it is more conducive to the infiltration and maintenance of water when the orientation of rock strata is the same as that of slope aspect, which would be beneficial to soil leaching and development.





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