摘要:研究围填海影响下海湾景观生态脆弱性，有助于提高海湾生态环境保护意识、加速修复海湾生态系统。基于东海区海湾6期景观数据，分析了围填海影响下东海海湾景观生态脆弱性和人工干扰强度的时空变化特征，并讨论了海湾景观对人类活动的响应程度。结果表明：（1）东海海湾景观脆弱度上升，北部和南部海湾较高和高脆弱区面积呈上升趋势。高等级脆弱区不断扩散，主要由城市到郊区、内地到沿海、陆地到港口等。（2）东海海湾围填海开发利用强度加强。东海北部海湾景观人工干扰强度由低值向高值转变，中强度、较高强度区间和高强度区面积不断增加。南部海湾景观人工干扰强度南北分异显著，呈现出北低南高的特征。人工干扰强度从内陆向河口周边及沿海地区强度逐渐加深。（3）东海海湾景观变化对人类活动响应显著。东海北部海湾景观趋于破碎化、多样化、非均衡化。东海南部海湾逐渐向集约开发方向发展，景观趋于规则化、均衡化。东海海湾景观脆弱度与景观人工干扰强度间存在显著的正相关关系，南部海湾景观脆弱度与人工干扰度之间的拟合度大于北部海湾。



Abstract:Analysis of the ecological vulnerability of the bay landscape under the influence of reclamation will help to improve environmental protection of the bay and accelerate the restoration of the bay ecosystem. On the basis of the data of the 6th phase of the East China Sea Bay, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the ecological vulnerability and artificial disturbance intensity of the East China Sea Bay under the influence of reclamation were analyzed, and the response of the bay landscape to human activities was discussed. The results show that (1) the vulnerability of the East China Sea Bay landscape and high and extremely high vulnerability areas in the northern and southern bays are increasing. High-level vulnerability areas continue to spread, mainly from urban to suburban, inland to coastal, and land to port. (2) The intensity of development and use of reclaimed land in the East China Sea Bay has strengthened. The landscape artificial disturbance intensity of the northern bay in the East China Sea has changed from low to high, and the medium-intensity, high-intensity, and extremely high intensity areas increased continuously. The landscape artificial disturbance intensity of the southern bay is significantly different from north to south, showing the characteristics of north low and south high. The intensity of artificial disturbance gradually deepens from the inland to the periphery of the estuary and coastal areas. (3) Landscape changes in the East China Sea Bay have responded significantly to human activities. The northern bay landscape of the East China Sea tends to be fragmented, diversified, and unbalanced. The southern bay of the East China Sea is gradually developing towards intensive development, and the landscape tends to be regularized and balanced. A significant positive correlation exists between the landscape fragmentation degree of the East China Sea Bay and landscape artificial disturbance intensity. The fit between the southern bay landscape vulnerability and artificial disturbance intensity is greater than that between the northern bay landscape vulnerability and artificial disturbance intensity.





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