周林军,
古文,
刘济宁,
范德玲,
杨先海,
石利利
环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 南京 210042

作者简介: 周林军(1984-),男,助理研究员,研究方向为化学品暴露评估,E-mail:zhoulj@nies.org.

基金项目: 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(化学品暴露评估技术体系研究)


中图分类号: X171.5

Review on Environmental Exposure Models for Chemicals

Zhou Linjun,
Gu Wen,
Liu Jining,
Fan Deling,
Yang Xianhai,
Shi Lili
Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:各国政府高度重视化学品生产使用引发的环境问题，研发了一系列环境暴露预测模型，包含了点源暴露到面源暴露各种排放模式，局部暴露、区域暴露及洲际暴露的各种预测尺度，筛选评估到确认水平的不同评估层级，用于评估化学品的潜在风险。本文从模型功能、机理出发，综述了化学品环境暴露评估涉及的排放估计、水/土/气、多介质以及食物链评估模型，以期为推动我国化学品环境暴露模型的研发提供参考。
关键词: 化学品/
环境/
暴露/
模型/
评估

Abstract:The product and use of chemicals has caused a large number of environmental problems. Governments have placed high priority on the management of chemicals and developed a series of environmental exposure prediction models that include different release pathways from point source to non-point source release, various exposure scales from local to reginal and to continental, different tiers from screening to confirm. Models of the emission estimation, water/soil/air and multi-media fate, and food chain exposure assessment models were reviewed. Function and mechanism were also introduced to provide a view for study and development of environmental exposure models in China.
Key words:chemical/
environmental/
exposure/
model/
assessment.