瞿梦洁¹,
朱锋¹,
李慧冬^1,4,
刘伟³,
朱端卫^1,2,,
1. 华中农业大学资源与环境学院生态与环境工程研究室, 武汉 430070;
2. 生猪健康养殖协同创新中心, 武汉 430070;
3. 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院), 山东省分析测试中心, 山东省中药质量控制技术重点实验室, 济南 250014;
4. 山东省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 济南 250100

作者简介: 瞿梦洁(1990-),女,博士研究生,研究方向为水体污染物控制,E-mail:916759036@qq.com.

通讯作者: 朱端卫,zhudw@mail.hzau.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家科技重大专项子课题(2012ZX07104-001)；山东省自然科学基金(ZR2016YL006)


中图分类号: X171.5

Toxicological Responses of Submerged Macrophytes to Atrazine Exposure

Qu Mengjie¹,
Zhu Feng¹,
Li Huidong^1,4,
Liu Wei³,
Zhu Duanwei^1,2,,
1. Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
2. The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China;
3. Shandong Key Laboratory of TCM Quality Control Technology, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China;
4. Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China

Corresponding author: Zhu Duanwei,zhudw@mail.hzau.edu.cn

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:为揭示在阿特拉津胁迫下沉水植物生长及其与谷胱甘肽代谢途径的关系,通过培养实验研究了沉水植物菹草(Potamogeton crispus)和穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)对0、0.5、1.0和2.0 mg·kg^-1阿特拉津的吸收特性,并对不同培养时期沉水植物的鲜重、总谷胱甘肽含量(T-GSH,即还原型谷胱甘肽GSH和氧化型谷胱甘肽GSSG之和)、GSH/GSSG比值及其形态变化、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活性进行了测定。结果表明:沉积物阿特拉津初始浓度越高,植物体内阿特拉津浓度也越高。在培养60 d内,添加的阿特拉津对2种沉水植物的生长均产生显著抑制作用(P < 0.05)。在阿特拉津胁迫60 d后,各处理植物体内GSH/GSSG比值有所回升,其GR和GST活性均高于空白对照组。处理组植物体内GR和GST活性在30 d时达到最高值。与此同时,GSH脱去谷氨酸后能与阿特拉津形成共轭物。以上结果提示, ≤ 2 mg·kg^-1阿特拉津在培养前60 d内会对植物生长产生抑制,但在90 d时植物会从伤害中恢复过来。沉水植物体内的谷胱甘肽在GR和GST作用下,对阿特拉津及其产生的活性氧具有一定去除作用,并通过控制酶活使植物体保持一定的GSH含量;另一方面,GSH可以与阿特拉津结合形成新的共轭物,以此缓解阿特拉津对沉水植物的毒害。
关键词: 阿特拉津/
沉水植物/
鲜重/
谷胱甘肽/
共轭物/
谷胱甘肽还原酶/
谷胱甘肽S-转移酶

Abstract:To determine the toxicological responses of submerged macrophytes to atrazine stress and their relationship with glutathione metabolic pathways, Potamogeton crispus and Myriophyllum spicatum were exposed to atrazine (0, 0.5, 1, 2 mg·kg^-1) for 90 d in water and the sediment systems. The toxicological responses were assessed by measuring the fresh weight, the total glutathione contents (T-GSH), the ratios of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), the conjugates of atrazine and glutathione, the glutathione reductase (GR) activities and the glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities. Atrazine concentration in the plants increased with the initial concentration in the sediments. On day 30, when the initial concentration of atrazine in the sediment was 2.0 mg·kg^-1, the concentrations in P. crispus and M. spicatum reached (72.70 ±6.22) and (36.57 ±6.22) mg·kg^-1, respectively. After a 90-day exposure, atrazine concentrations in these two submerged plants were almost undetectable. During a 60-day incubation period, atrazine can significantly inhibit the growth of submerged plants (P < 0.05). The ratios of GSH/GSSG in treated plants elevated post to a 60-day exposure. Meanwhile, the GR activities and GST activities in treated groups were higher than those in the blank control group, while the activities reached the peak at day 30. With the absence of glutamic acid, GSH can be coupled with atrazine to form a new conjugate. It suggests that ≤ 2 mg·kg^-1 of atrazine will hamper the growth of P. crispus and M. spicatum within the 60-day incubation, while the plants will recover from the injury on the 90th day. These results indicated that P. crispus and M. spicatum could recover from the atrazine exposure. With the help of GR and GST, glutathione could remove atrazine and its resulting reactive oxygen species in the plants. Thus, a certain concentration of GSH and the conjugating atrazine and GSH were conducive for preventing the stress caused by atrazine.
Key words:atrazine/
submerged macrophytes/
fresh weight/
glutathione/
conjugate/
glutathione reductase/
glutathione S-transferase.