徐笠^1,2,
陆安祥^1,2,
王纪华^1,2,
刘洋³
1. 北京农业质量标准与检测技术研究中心, 北京市农林科学院, 北京 100097;
2. 农产品产地环境监测北京市重点实验室, 北京 100097;
3. 盐城工学院环境科学与工程学院, 江苏省环境保护海涂生态与污染控制重点实验室, 盐城 224051

作者简介: 徐笠(1984-),男,助理研究员,研究方向为农产品安全,E-mail:xuliforever@163.com.

基金项目: 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403014-04)；国家自然科学基金项目(41301551)；江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20130426)


中图分类号: X171.5

Research Methods and Applications of Bioaccessiblity and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Food

Xu Li^1,2,
Lu Anxiang^1,2,
Wang Jihua^1,2,
Liu Yang³
1. Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;
2. Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100097, China;
3. Key Laboratory for Ecology and Pollution Control of Coastal Wetlands(Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province), Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:食品安全问题是直接关系到人民健康的重大民生问题。随着民众生活质量的不断提升，人们对食物质量的关注度越来越高。目前，重金属污染问题是食品安全的一个重要议题。而且，食物中重金属的生物可给性和生物有效性的测定结果已逐渐代替重金属的全量结果进行评价。因此，本文系统介绍了生物可给性和生物有效性的定义及相关关系，综述了生物可给性和生物有效性的多种研究方法的适用性及优缺点，并着重论述了饮食习惯和肠道微生物对重金属生物可给性和生物有效性的影响。研究结果表明：研究者应根据自己的研究目的选择不同的体外消化方法，饮食习惯和肠道微生物均极大地影响着食物中重金属的生物可给性和生物有效性。最后，本文对食物中重金属的生物可给性和生物有效性的研究提出了几点展望：一、需加强食物中重金属复合污染的研究；二、进一步加强肠道微生物对食物中重金属的生物可给性和生物有效性的影响的研究；三、特别需加强中式饮食习惯下对食物中重金属的生物有效性的影响的研究。
关键词: 重金属/
生物可给性/
生物有效性/
Caco-2细胞

Abstract:Food safety problem is one of the major livelihood issues which is directly related to human health. More attention has been paid to the quality of food because of increased living quality requirement. The heavy metal contamination in food has become an important issue of food safety. Nowadays, the total concentrations of heavy metals have been replaced by the results of the bioaccessiblity and bioavailability of heavy metals in food. Thus, this article firstly introduced the definition and interrelationship between bioaccessiblity and bioavailability, clarified different research methods and its characteristic of bioaccessiblity and bioavailability. Furthermore, the effect of dietary habits and gut microorganism on the bioaccessiblity and bioavailability of heavy metals in food was also discussed. The researchers should change the in vitro digestion methods according to the purpose of experiment, the bioaccessiblity and bioavailability of heavy metals in food are affected significantly by gut microorganism and dietary habits. At last, the prospect of bioaccessiblity and bioavailability of heavy metals in food were also proposed. Further studies should be paid more attention to the combined pollution of heavy metals in food, and the bioaccessiblity and bioavailability of heavy metals in food affected by gut microorganism and by chinese dietary habits.
Key words:heavy metals/
bioaccessibility/
bioavailability/
Caco-2 cell.