潘寻^1,2,
苏都³,
宋光明²,
贲伟伟³
1. 环境保护部环境保护对外合作中心, 北京 100035;
2. 河北省承德市围场县环保局, 承德 068450;
3. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085

作者简介: 潘寻(1982-),男,环境保护部环境保护对外合作中心高级工程师,环境保护部派驻河北省承德市围场县环保局扶贫挂职干部,E-mail:cleanspan@163.com.

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51678559)


中图分类号: X171.5

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Pre-assessment of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Cropland of Weichang County

Pan Xun^1,2,
Su Du³,
Song Guangming²,
Ben Weiwei³
1. Foreign Economic Cooperation Office, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100035, China;
2. Weichang County Environmental Protection Bureau of Chengde City of Hebei Province, Chengde 068450, China;
3. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:利用超声萃取–固相萃取–高效液相色谱/串联质谱(LC–MS/MS)技术，对围场县全县农田中5个大类(磺胺类、四环素类、氟喹诺酮类、大环内酯类以及其他类)25种典型药物和个人护理品(PPCPs)的污染水平进行了调查，并采用风险熵法对其进行生态风险预评价。结果表明：有23种目标PPCPs被检出，不同目标物检出率差异显著，检出含量范围为0.38~6.50 μg·kg^-1，单种污染物最高检出浓度为101.9 μg·kg^-1(磺胺甲恶唑)。以目标物划分，分别有7种和5种被检出物质达到生态高风险和中等风险水平；以采样区域划分，41个土壤点位中分别有17个和12个达到生态高风险和中等风险水平。畜用PPCPs是围场农田中PPCPs污染物的主要来源，兽药滥用、粪便自然堆沤等传统农耕模式有造成农田土壤中PPCPs累积的趋势，因此需严控PPCPs污染源头，并推进畜禽粪便安全的资源化利用，以减缓农田土壤中由于PPCPs污染带来的潜在生态风险，保障围场地区生态环境功能、农田环境质量以及农产品安全品质。
关键词: 药物和个人护理品/
生态风险评价/
围场/
农田

Abstract:The concentrations of 25 typical pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), which belong to sulfonamides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, macrolides and other categories, in 41 cropland soil samples from Weichang County were determined, using ultrasonic extraction, solid-phase extraction, and high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technology. The ecological risk pre-assessment was carried out by the risk quotients method. The results show that 23 PPCPs were detected with the concentrations ranging from 0.38 to 6.50 μg·kg^-1. The detection frequencies of target PPCPs differed greatly, while the highest detection concentration of individual PPCP was 101.9 μg·kg^-1 (sulfamethoxazole). Among the detected PPCPs, 7 and 5 PPCPs indicated high and medium ecological risk, respectively. With respect to the sampling areas, 17 and 12 sampling sites had high and medium ecological risk, respectively. PPCPs for veterinary use were the main sources of the local contamination. The peculiarity of local traditional farming practices, such as the abuse of veterinary drugs and the natural composting of animal manure, may induce the accumulation of PPCPs in farmland. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the source of PPCPs and promote the safe utilization of animal manure, for mitigating the potential ecological risk of PPCPs, thus ensuring the ecological function, the cropland environmental quality and the agricultural product security of Weichang District.
Key words:pharmaceuticals and personal care products/
ecological risk assessment/
Weichang/
cropland.