Estimation of air temperature based on MODIS and analysis of mass elevation effect in the Qinling-Daba Mountains
LIU Junjie1,2, PAN Ziwu1,2, QIN Fen1,2,3, GU Jiangyan1, ZHU Mingyang1, ZHAO Fang,11. College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China 2. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China 3. Henan Industrial Technology Academy of Spatio-Temporal Big Data, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
Abstract As a huge mountain range in the North-South boundary of China, the Qinling-Daba Mountains are characterized by prominent mass elevation effect (MEE) and play an important role in the azonality pattern of climate and ecology in central China. The essence of the MEE is the warming effect of mountains, as huge mountain and plateau absorbs more solar radiation compared with the free atmosphere of the same altitude and then releases in the form of long-wave radiation external heat, making the internal mountain temperature higher than the external in the same altitude of free atmosphere. Therefore, the temperature difference between the mountain interior and the periphery has been suggested as an appropriate indicator to quantify the MEE. To analyze MEE of the Qinling-Daba Mountains, MODIS land surface temperature (LST) data, STRM-1 DEM data and observation data from 118 meteorological stations were combined to estimate monthly mean air temperature by ordinary linear regression (OLS) and geographical weighted regression (GWR) methods in the Qinling-Daba Mountains. Air temperature at an altitude of 1500 m (the average elevation of the Qinling-Daba Mountains) in the interior of the Qinling-Daba Mountains was calculated by a fixed lapse rate and compared with that in the periphery. The results show that: (1) Compared with OLS method, the GWR method has higher accuracy with R 2 > 0.89 and the root mean squared error (RMSE) = 0.68-0.98 ℃. (2) The monthly mean temperature at the altitude of 1500 m estimated by GWR presents a gradual upward trend from east to west. In the western Qinling Mountains, the annual average temperature and temperature in July at the altitude of 1500 m increase about 6 ℃ and 4.5 ℃ compared with the eastern flank, while in the Daba Mountains, they are about 8°C and 5 ℃ higher in the west than in the east. (3) From south to north, with the Hanjiang River as the boundary, the monthly mean temperature at the altitude of 1500 m tends to rise from the rim of the mountains to the ridge. (4) Compared with the lower valleys in Hanzhong and western Henan, the monthly mean temperatures at the altitude of 1500 m are approximately 3.85-9.28 ℃, 1.49-3.34 ℃ and 0.43-3.05 ℃ higher those in the great undulating high mountains in the western Qinling-Daba Mountains, the great undulating middle-high mountains in the Qinling Mountains and the great undulating middle mountains in the Daba Mountains, respectively, and the average temperature difference is about 3.50 ℃. This shows that the MEE of the Qinling-Daba Mountains is obvious and its impact on the distribution patterns of mountain climate and ecology needs to be further studied. Keywords:mass elevation effect;Qinling-Daba Mountains;MODIS land surface temperature;temperature estimation;geographical weighted regression
PDF (13929KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 刘俊杰, 潘自武, 秦奋, 顾江岩, 朱明阳, 赵芳. 基于MODIS的秦巴山地气温估算与山体效应分析. 地理研究[J], 2020, 39(3): 735-748 doi:10.11821/dlyj020190164 LIU Junjie. Estimation of air temperature based on MODIS and analysis of mass elevation effect in the Qinling-Daba Mountains. Geographical Research[J], 2020, 39(3): 735-748 doi:10.11821/dlyj020190164
Fig. 2Landform regionalization in the Qinling-Daba Mountains
3 结果分析
3.1 秦巴山地气温估算
3.1.1 MODIS LST数据精度验证与时序分析 对比2001—2017年气温与地表温度之间的时序变化特征(图3)发现,秦巴山地各站点的各月均气温与地表温度的相关性很强,只有3个站点(2.54%)的R2在0.8以下,R2在0.8-0.9之间的站点有25个(21.19%),R2在0.9以上的站点数量达到了90个(76.27%)。气温与地表温度之间的时序变化基本一致,但是各月的地表温度稍高于气温。
Fig. 3Temporal variations of monthly mean temperature and surface temperature of meteorological stations in the Qinling-Daba Mountains from 2001 to 2017
Fig. 4Spatial distribution of the annual average temperature estimation results and temperature estimation results in July in the Qinling-Daba Mountains
Fig. 10The change rate of the annual average and July temperature at an altitude of 1500 m with the latitude in the Qinling-Daba Mountains 107.81°E section line and 110.52°E section line
Tab. 4 表4 表4豫西汉中中山谷地与大巴山大起伏中山、秦岭大起伏高中山、西部大起伏高山各月份同海拔(1500 m)气温均值及差值 Tab. 4Monthly mean air temperature and differences between the lower valleys in the Hanzhong and the west of Henan, the Great undulating high mountains in the western Qinling-Daba Mountains, the Great undulating middle-high mountains in the Qinling Mountains and the great undulating middle mountains in the Daba Mountains at an altitude of 1500 m (℃)
Fig. 11Air temperature at an altitude of 1500 m differences(ΔT) between the lower valleys in the Hanzhong and the west of Henan, the Great undulating high mountains in the western Qinling-Daba Mountains, the Great undulating middle-high mountains in the Qinling Mountains and the great undulating middle mountains in the Daba Mountains
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