芦俊^1,,
王赟^2,,,
季玉新³,
钱忠平⁴
1. 中国地质大学(北京)能源学院, 海相储层演化与油气富集机理教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083
2. 中国地质大学(北京)地球物理与信息技术学院, 地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室, 北京 100083
3. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
4. 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司物探技术研究中心, 河北涿州 072751

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41574126，41425017，41604119），中国国家留学基金（201606405010），中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2-9-2017-452）资助


详细信息

作者简介: 芦俊, 男, 1980年生, 副教授, 现在中国地质大学(北京)能源学院从事多分量地震技术的研究.E-mail:lujun615@163.com

通讯作者: 王赟, 男, 教授, 主要从事地震各向异性研究.E-mail:yunwang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

中图分类号: P631

收稿日期:2017-01-09
修回日期:2018-03-05
上线日期:2018-08-05

Imaging techniques of multi-component seismic data

LU Jun^1,,
WANG Yun^2,,,
JI YuXin³,
QIAN ZhongPing⁴
1. School of Energy Resources, Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2. School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
3. Sinopec Exploration & Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
4. Research and Development Center, BGP Inc., CNPC, Zhuozhou Hebei 072751, China


More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Yun,E-mail:yunwang@mail.iggcas.ac.cn

MSC: P631

--> Received Date: 09 January 2017
Revised Date: 05 March 2018
Available Online: 05 August 2018


摘要
摘要:从水平叠加成像、叠前时间偏移以及叠前深度偏移三个方面总结了多分量地震成像技术的发展现状.在水平叠加成像方面，分析了转换波与纵波在道集抽取方面的差异，总结了常用的转换点计算公式，着重对比了由炮检坐标映射地下的转换点以及由地表的网格节点映射地下的反射点两种共转换点道集抽取方式各自的优缺点以及应用化程度.概述了各向同性与各向异性叠前时间偏移技术的基本原理，总结了多分量偏移技术发展以及配套软件的工业应用现状，并对最近发展的层匹配多分量偏移技术进行了介绍.最后，从射线理论以及波场延拓理论的角度总结了多分量叠前深度偏移的发展现状与存在的问题，介绍了标量偏移与矢量偏移的差异，并提出了深度域速度建模存在的问题.
关键词: 多分量/
水平叠加/
偏移/
成像/
各向异性

Abstract:In this paper, we summarize the development situation of the imaging techniques of multi-component seismic data from the horizontal stack, prestack time migration and prestack depth migration. In the horizontal stack, we point out the difference between PP-and PS-waves on the gather formation and present commonly used equations for the conversion point calculation of PS-waves. We give the details of the common conversion point gather formation method performed by mapping source and receiver coordinates to the subsurface conversion point and the method performed by mapping the imaging grid from the ground to the reflection depth. We compare the pros and cons of the two methods and show some successful industrial applications. Then, we summarize the fundamental principles and software development situations of multi-component isotropic and anisotropic migrations. We introduce detailed procedures of layer-matched multi-component migration and present its application prospect. In the end, we summarize the development situations and problems about multi-component depth migration from the prospects of ray-tracing and wave field extrapolation theories. We point out the difference between scalar migration and vector migration as well as the main problem existing in the velocity model construction for prestack depth migration.
Key words:Multi-component/
Horizontal stack/
Migration/
Imaging/
Anisotropy



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