邱亚会^1,2,3,,
李永项¹,
敖红²,
张云翔¹,
谢坤¹
1. 西北大学地质系, 大陆动力学国家重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710069
2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所, 黄土与第四纪国家重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710061
3. Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana 61801, USA

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：41372020）和中国科学院前沿重点科学计划项目（批准号：QYZDB-SSWDQC021、QYZDY-SSW-DQC001和ZDBS-SSW-DQC001）共同资助


详细信息

作者简介: 邱亚会, 女, 27岁, 博士研究生, 第四纪地质学专业, E-mail:qiu_yahui@163.com

中图分类号: P534.63;P539.3;K871.11

收稿日期:2018-06-21
修回日期:2018-08-12
刊出日期:2018-09-30

Magnetostratigraphic chronology and paleoenvironmental background of Early Pleistocene humans and mammal in North China

Qiu Yahui^1,2,3,,
Li Yongxiang¹,
Ao Hong²,
Zhang Yunxiang¹,
Xie Kun¹
1. State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi
2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi
3. Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana 61801, USA


MSC: P534.63;P539.3;K871.11

--> Received Date: 21 June 2018
Revised Date: 12 August 2018
Publish Date: 30 September 2018


摘要
摘要:更新世是地球环境和生物演化史上的关键转折期之一，是现代气候环境、地理格局和生物形态完全形成时期。自20世纪20年代以来，在华北黄土高原的风成黄土和河湖相沉积物中都陆续发现了一系列重要的早更新世古人类/旧石器遗址及哺乳动物群化石遗址，并通过古地磁学确定了这些遗址的准确年代，这些进展为研究我国早更新世人类演化和环境适应关系提供了条件。文章首先整理和总结华北地区早更新世的哺乳动物群及古人类/旧石器遗址的概况及其磁性地层年代，然后分析各个遗址点的区域古环境背景，最后探讨该区域早更新世哺乳动物群及古人类遗址时间分布规律及其与区域气候环境状况的关系。我们根据哺乳动物群和古人类遗迹在早更新世华北地区出现的时间以及对哺乳动物群中动物类型的分析可知：哺乳动物和古人类的演化与气候环境变迁密切相关，气候适宜期间冰期时生存的动物群与古人类活动都会相应增加。特别是表现在2.0~1.5 Ma时期，华北地区古人类/旧石器遗址分布范围的扩大，伴随着2 Ma以来大量增加的哺乳动物，哺乳动物可能为古人类最终在此地区的活动提供了丰富的食物资源。在1.1~0.78 Ma全球早中更新世气候转型期，气候周期从4万年主导周期转变为10万年主导周期，华北地区在该时期仍然存在为数不少的古人类活动，表明早期人类已具有适应气候大幅波动的能力，只是在气候波动较大、环境不利的条件下，可能会影响其活动范围和强度。
关键词: 华北地区/
磁性地层年代/
早更新世/
旧石器遗址/
哺乳动物群/
古环境

Abstract:The Pleistocene is a critical transition period in the history of geological and human evolution. This period is of great interest because it holds important information about climate developments that shaped modern climate, terrestrial environments, ecosystems, fauna and hominoids. Abundant evidence for Early Pleistocene human occupation and relevant mammalian fossils sites have been reported in North China since the 1920s.
The progresses of magnetostratigraphy and paleoclimate recoustruction in recent decades in North China, which provide an excellent opportunity for studying the relationship between mammalian, human evolution and environmental adaptation in the Early Pleistocene. Here, we synthesize the magnetostratigraphic dating of Early Pleistocene human habitats and mammalian fossil sites in Northern China and combined reconstructed regional paleoenvironmental background to reveal that the time and space pattern of early human habits and mammal fauna sites and their environmental background. It reveals that the number of mammal fauna sites decreased during harsh periods, and almost absent in the two extremely cold and dusty environmental periods(L₉ and L₁₅), which indicating that mammalian activities are closely linked to climate and environment change pattern. While quite more early human activities and habits have been found in harsh climate and environment conditions during the mid-Pleistocene transition(MPT, 1.1~0.78 Ma) compare to Early Pleistocene period(2.5~2.0 Ma), which points to that early human had high adaptation to the harsh climate and environment conditions and the abrupt fluctuation change during the MPT.
Key words:North China/
magnetostratigraphic chronology/
Early Pleistocene/
Paleolithic sites/
mammal fauna/
paleoenvironment



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