Genome Research
Abstract
R-loops are stable chromatin structures comprising a DNA:RNA hybrid and a displaced single-stranded DNA. R-loops have been implicated in gene expression and chromatin structure, as well as in replication blocks and genome instability. Here, we conducted a genome-wide identification of R-loops and identified more than 700,000 R-loop peaks in the maize (Zea mays) genome. We found that sense R-loops were mainly enriched in promoters and transcription termination sites, and relatively less enriched in gene bodies, which is different from the main gene-body localization of sense R-loops in Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa. At the chromosome scale, maize R-loops were enriched in pericentromeric heterochromatin regions and a significant portion of R-loops were derived from transposable elements. In centromeres, R-loops preferentially formed within the binding regions of the centromere-specific histone CENH3 and centromeric retrotransposons were strongly associated with R-loop formation. Furthermore, centromeric retrotransposon R-loops were observed by applying the single-molecule imaging technique of atomic force microscopy. These findings elucidate the fundamental character of R-loops in the maize genome and reveal the potential role of R-loops in centromeres.
| 论文编号: | DOI:10.1101/gr.275270.121 |
| 论文题目: | Genome-Wide Mapping Reveals R-Loops Associated with Centromeric Rrepeats in Maizev |
| 英文论文题目: | Genome-Wide Mapping Reveals R-Loops Associated with Centromeric Rrepeats in Maize |
| 第一作者: | Yang Liu, Qian Liu, Handong Su, Kunpeng Liu, Xue Xiao, Wei Li, Qianwen Sun, James A. Birchler and Fangpu Han |
| 英文第一作者: | Yang Liu, Qian Liu, Handong Su, Kunpeng Liu, Xue Xiao, Wei Li, Qianwen Sun, James A. Birchler and Fangpu Han |
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| 发表年度: | 2021-07-12 |
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| 摘要: | R-loops are stable chromatin structures comprising a DNA:RNA hybrid and a displaced single-stranded DNA. R-loops have been implicated in gene expression and chromatin structure, as well as in replication blocks and genome instability. Here, we conducted a genome-wide identification of R-loops and identified more than 700,000 R-loop peaks in the maize (Zea mays) genome. We found that sense R-loops were mainly enriched in promoters and transcription termination sites, and relatively less enriched in gene bodies, which is different from the main gene-body localization of sense R-loops in Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa. At the chromosome scale, maize R-loops were enriched in pericentromeric heterochromatin regions and a significant portion of R-loops were derived from transposable elements. In centromeres, R-loops preferentially formed within the binding regions of the centromere-specific histone CENH3 and centromeric retrotransposons were strongly associated with R-loop formation. Furthermore, centromeric retrotransposon R-loops were observed by applying the single-molecule imaging technique of atomic force microscopy. These findings elucidate the fundamental character of R-loops in the maize genome and reveal the potential role of R-loops in centromeres. |
| 英文摘要: | R-loops are stable chromatin structures comprising a DNA:RNA hybrid and a displaced single-stranded DNA. R-loops have been implicated in gene expression and chromatin structure, as well as in replication blocks and genome instability. Here, we conducted a genome-wide identification of R-loops and identified more than 700,000 R-loop peaks in the maize (Zea mays) genome. We found that sense R-loops were mainly enriched in promoters and transcription termination sites, and relatively less enriched in gene bodies, which is different from the main gene-body localization of sense R-loops in Arabidopsis and Oryza sativa. At the chromosome scale, maize R-loops were enriched in pericentromeric heterochromatin regions and a significant portion of R-loops were derived from transposable elements. In centromeres, R-loops preferentially formed within the binding regions of the centromere-specific histone CENH3 and centromeric retrotransposons were strongly associated with R-loop formation. Furthermore, centromeric retrotransposon R-loops were observed by applying the single-molecule imaging technique of atomic force microscopy. These findings elucidate the fundamental character of R-loops in the maize genome and reveal the potential role of R-loops in centromeres. |
| 刊物名称: | Genome Research |
| 英文刊物名称: | Genome Research |
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| 其它备注: | Yang Liu, Qian Liu, Handong Su, Kunpeng Liu, Xue Xiao, Wei Li, Qianwen Sun, James A. Birchler and Fangpu Han. Genome-Wide Mapping Reveals R-Loops Associated with Centromeric Rrepeats in Maize. Genome Research. DOI:10.1101/gr.275270.121 |
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