摘要:2013年12月华东地区发生历史罕见的超过20 d连续重度霾天气过程。本文利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、华东地区大气细颗粒浓度资料以及常规气象观测资料对此次天气过程的环流形势、持续机制和前期外强迫因子展开分析。结果表明，此次华东连续重度霾天气和东亚中高纬阻塞高压活动密切相关。2013年12月白令海到鄂霍茨克海阻塞活动加强导致东亚地区天气瞬变扰动异常偏弱，贝加尔湖东侧弱高空脊长时间维持，我国东部地区受弱偏北风影响，大气扩散条件较差，有利于华东本地大气细颗粒物积累和北方霾粒子向华东地区输送。进一步研究表明2013年12月鄂霍茨克海阻塞高压活动偏强可能和前期热带印度洋暖海温异常有关。
关键词:霾/
鄂霍茨克海阻塞高压/
瞬变扰动/
热带印度洋海温
Abstract:East China was dominated by a strongly intense, long-duration, and extensive-coverage haze in December 2013. The synoptic characteristics, persistent mechanism, and precursory oceanic conditions for the persistent haze in December 2013 are studied using a monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset, particulate matter observations in Huadong, and other regular observational data during 1981-2014. This persistent haze may be closely related to the activity of blocking over East Asia. The blocking over the Bering Sea-Okhotsk Sea, weakened transient eddy over East Asia, persistent trough over Lake Baikal, and attenuated northerly winds over east China would favor a worse diffusion condition for local accumulation and more transportation of particulate matter to East China in December 2013. Moreover, the enhanced blocking over Okhotsk Sea in December 2013 is probably related to the warm sea surface temperature over the tropical Indian Ocean.
Key words:Haze/
Blocking over Okhotsk Sea/
Transient eddy/
Indian Ocean sea surface temperature
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