摘要:在对相对湿度(RH)序列进行均一性检验和订正的基础上，分析了武汉4个城市站RH的气候学特征和长期变化趋势。结果表明：(1)迁站对RH序列引起较大非均一性偏差，其中武汉站2010年迁站引起的偏差达到8%；(2)城区年平均RH较高，介于75%~85%，武汉站最高；(3)每年1~6月城区RH逐渐增加，6月达到峰值，之后缓慢减少，但季节内变化一般很小，月际间差异仅有0.1%~2.5%，存在夏季RH最高，春、秋次之，冬季最低的季节性特征；(4)武汉城市区域1961~2015年平均RH总体呈长期减少趋势，线性变化趋势-0.81%/10 a，20世纪90年代之后下降趋势加剧；(5)近55年城区春、秋、冬3个季节平均RH均呈不同程度的下降，以春季最为明显，夏季存在较为显著的上升趋势，但1991后年及四季均呈现显著的下降趋势。
关键词:相对湿度/
资料非均一性/
武汉/
城市化/
气候特征/
长期趋势
Abstract:Based on the homogeneity test and correction of the relative humidity series, climatological characteristics and long-term trend of relative humidity in the urban area of Wuhan are analyzed. The results showed that:(1) The non-homogeneity deviation caused by relocated stations in the relative humidity series is prodigious, and the deviation caused by relocation of Wuhan station in 2010 is 8%. (2) Annual average relative humidity in the urban area of Wuhan remains high, and the values vary between 75%-85% with the highest value occurring at Wuhan station. (3) The relative humidity gradually increases from January to June, and then begins to decrease slowly after reaching its peak value in June. Monthly differences are pretty small with the values within 0.1%-2.5%. Seasonal characteristics of relative humidity in the urban area of Wuhan show that the RH is the highest in the summer and lowest in the winter during the whole year. (4) From 1961 to 2015, the average relative humidity in the urban area of Wuhan urban area exhibited a long-term decreasing trend, and the linear trend was accelerated after the 1990s. (5) In the past 55 years, time series of average relative humidity in the spring, autumn, and winter all show declining trends in varied degrees, of which the trend in the spring is more obvious, and a significant rising trend is found in the summer. However, the annual and seasonal means are showing a significant downward trend after 1991.
Key words:Relative humidity/
Data non-uniformity/
Wuhan/
Urbanization/
Climate characteristics/
Long-term trend
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