园艺植物中三倍体的应用现状及育种前景分析
党江波1，宋 琴1，李 彩2，郭启高1，梁国鲁1,*（1西南大学园艺园林学院，重庆 400716；2重庆市涪陵区果品办公室，重庆 408000）
出版日期:2018-09-25发布日期:2018-09-25Application Status and Breeding Prospects of Triploid in Horticultural Plant
DANG Jiangbo1，SONG Qin1，LI Cai2，GUO Qigao，and LIANG Guolu1,*（1College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture，Southwest University，Chongqing 400715，China；2Fruit Office of Fuling District in Chongqing，Chongqing 408000，China）
Online:2018-09-25Published:2018-09-25摘要/Abstract
摘要： To provide reference for horticultural plant breeding by using triploid，application status of triploid in horticultural plant was summarized，and prospects of triploid in horticultural plant breeding were analyzed in this paper. There were various approaches to produce triploid. Approach involving 2n gamete is worthy of attention. A few plants produce 2n gamete highly frequently（more than 80%）naturely or artificially. And frequently genes involved in 2n gamete production were identified. In addition，spontaneous cell fusion and polyspermia had been successfully used to produce triploid plants. Culturing endopolyploidy cell is useful for obtaining tetraploid parent. Besides traditional morphological method and cytogenetic methods，molecular markers such as QF-PCR，SSR，SNP have been used to identify triploid. At present，triploids have been directly applied in more than 40 horticultural plant species. In addtion to seedlessness，high-yielding and strong resistance，high nutrient content and dwarfing，which are the new highlights，have been used in horticultural plant. It is of important meaning that breeding aneuploid to create diverse materials. Excitingly，genome of one parent in triploid hybrid is only 1/3，this could be used to shorten breeding period in hybridization.
中图分类号:
S 6
引用本文
党江波1，宋 琴1，李 彩2，郭启高1，梁国鲁1,*. 园艺植物中三倍体的应用现状及育种前景分析[J]. 园艺学报, 2018, 45(9): 1813-1830.
DANG Jiangbo1，SONG Qin1，LI Cai2，GUO Qigao，and LIANG Guolu1,*. Application Status and Breeding Prospects of Triploid in Horticultural Plant[J]. ACTA HORTICULTURAE SINICA, 2018, 45(9): 1813-1830.
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